新疆不同民族大学生与吸烟相关的KAP调查

目的通过了解新疆不同民族大学生与吸烟相关的知识、态度和行为（KAP）,为今后制定和开展具有民族特点的控烟措施提供依据。方法在新疆5所大学以班级为单位采取分层整群随机抽样,共调查大学生5990人,回收有效问卷5616份,有效率为93.8%。应用匿名问卷进行调查。结果新疆大学生吸烟率为22.74%,其中汉族男生为44.82%,少数民族男生为43.68%,汉族女生为3.07%,少数民族女生为1.92%。吸烟者中有41.57%表示其吸烟最主要的原因为烦恼或无聊。52.9%的吸烟者表示愿意戒烟,其主要原因为吸烟有害健康,23.3%则不愿意。对吸烟相关知识的知晓率为72.8%。对吸烟相关知识赋值后汉族大学生得分为（4.73±0.84）分,少数民族为（4.16±0.97）分,不同民族大学生之间差异有统计学意义（t=8.45,P〈0.001）。78.7%的大学生支持公共场所禁止吸烟,39.7%对男同学吸烟反感,80.0%对女同学吸烟反感,65.7%表示3-5a内肯定不会吸烟。结论新疆大学生吸烟现状较为严重,积极开展大学生控烟活动的同时应充分考虑民族特点。

Investigation on KAP regarding smoking among Xinjiang college students of different nationalities

Objective To provide basis for tobacco control measures according to national characteristics by investigating knowledge, attitude, and practice （KAP） regarding smoking among Xinjiang college students of different nationalities. Methods In the investigation using anonymous questinnaires, the stratified duster random sampling method was conducted with clesses for units at five colleges in Xinjiang. Among 5 990 college students investigated, 5 616 valid questionnaires were recovered with efficient rate of 93.8 %. Results Among the college students of Xinjiang the smoking rate was 22.74 %, with the Han boys at 44.82% , minority boys at 43.68% , Han girls at 3.07%, and minority girls at 1.92 %. 41.57 % of smokers thought that the main reason of smoking was annoyance or tiresomeness. 52.9 % of smokers were willing to give up smoking because it did harm to health, and 23.3 % of smokers were unwilling to do so. Rate of the knowledge regarding smoking was 72.8 %. After the knowledge assigned, Han college students obtained 4.73 ± 0.84 points, the minorities 4.16 ± 0.97 points, and different nationalities＇ scores had statistical significance （ t = 8.45, P 〈 0.001 ）. 78.7 % of college students supported forbidoling smoking in public places, 39.7 % of college students were disgusted with male students＇ smoking, 80.0% college students were disgusted with female students smoking, and 65.7% of students held the opinion that they would not smoke definitely in 3-5 years. Conclusions The smoking condition of Xinjiang college students is serious. It is necessary to take national characteristics into full account while carrying out tobacco control activities positively.