2009—2013年医院感染主要病原菌的耐药性分析

目的 研究医院感染的主要病原菌耐药趋势,为指导临床合理用药提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月—2013年12月临床送检的各类标本中分离的病原菌及药敏数据,用WHONET5.5软件进行统计分析。结果大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌在每年统计中都占主要地位,并且耐药率也在上升,在2011年达到高峰,2012年2月卫生部审议通过《抗菌药物临床应用管理办法》以后,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率在2012年有所缓解,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率则逐年上升。结论 各类病原菌耐药程度依然很严峻,根据药敏结果合理应用抗菌药物。严格执行《抗菌药物临床应用管理办法》,加强仪器环境消毒和医务人员的手卫生,实施有效的消毒隔离,预防和减少医院感染。

Antibiotic drug resistance analysis of principal pathogens causing nosocomial infections in 2009-2013

Objective To investive the tendency of principal pathogens causing nosocomial infections so as to provide guidance for the clinical drug use.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the antibiotic susceptibility test results of clinical isolates of principal pathogens from Jan 2009 to Dec 2013 and the statistical analysis was carried out with the use of WHONET5.5 software.Results It was main that Escherichia cdi,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,A.baumannii causing nosocomial infections in 2009—2013.It was upward that drug resistance rates and was most highly in 2011.The Escherichia cdi and Klebsiella pneumoniae＇s drug resistance rates were downword after promulgating Clinical Application Management of Antibiotics.But the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and A.baumannii＇sdrug resistance rates were upward year by year.Conclusion Every pathogens are highly resistant to the tested antibiotics.Antibiotics should be rationally used according to the result of drug susceptibility testing and strictly comply to the Clinical Application Management of Antibiotics.Enhance the disinfection of instruments and enviroment and the hand hygiene of medical staff.Implement effective disinfection and isolation measures so as to prevent and reduce the nosocomial infections.