我院儿科下呼吸道感染抗菌药物应用评价

目的：了解我院儿科下呼吸道感染抗菌药物的应用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：收集2013年6-11月我院儿科下呼吸道感染患儿出院病历共708份,统计分析抗菌药物使用情况。结果：我院儿科下呼吸道感染住院患儿抗菌药物使用率99.9%（707/708）,均为静脉滴注给药,联合用药率为52.5%（372/708）,换药率为16.2%（115/708）,2.1%（15/708）患儿无指征换药。红霉素、头孢硫脒、头孢呋辛钠用药频次居前三位,使用率分别为52.7%（373/708）、26.3%（186/708）、23.6%（167/708）。联合用药以红霉素＋β-内酰胺类抗菌药物为主。结论：我院儿科下呼吸道感染抗菌药物应用在用药指征、联合用药、给药途径、给药频次、药物更换等方面存在不合理情况,应加强抗菌药物合理应用的监管,促进临床合理用药。

Evaluation of Antibiotics in Pediatric Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective： To investigate the usage of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection, and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods： Seven hundreds and eight pediatric medical records were selected from June to November 2013, and antibiotics which used to treat respiratory tract infection were analyzed. Results： The application rate of antibiotics was 99.9%, all of the patients were administered by intravenous drip, and the rate of combination use of antibiotics was 52. 5% （372/708）, the rate of changing drugs was 16.2% （ 115/708）, there were 2. 1% of cases which changed antimicrobials no reason. Erythromycin, cefathiamidine and cefuroxime ranked top 3 in terms of use frequency, the application rate was 52.7% （373/708）, 26. 3% （186/708）and 23.6% （167/708）respectively. The combination use of application rate focused on erythromycin combined with beta-lactam antibiotics. Conclusion： There was unreasonable situation of antibiotics therapy in indications, combination therapy, route of medication, frequency of medication, replacement of antimicrobial drugs. Based on the guiding principles for clinical application of antibiotics, clinicians should strictly grasp the indications, reference drug sensitive experimental results and select proper antimicrobial drugs.