维族和汉族大学生正视眼眼压及眼球部分生物学参数分析

目的：对双眼为正视眼的维吾尔族与汉族大学生进行眼压及眼球部分生物学参数测定，通过对族别、性别、眼别间比较分析验证两民族间是否存在差异。
　　方法：横断面调查研究。对门诊进行体检的大学生先行双眼裸眼视力检查，然后采用电脑验光仪测量角膜屈光力，再使用裂隙灯及检眼镜检查后纳入符合标准者405例810眼。对纳入对象先采用全自动非接触式眼压计测量眼压，再采用A/B型超声诊断仪测量前房深度、晶状体厚度、玻璃体腔长度及眼轴长度。比较两民族之间、同民族不同性别间、不同民族相同性别间、不同眼别间所测得的眼压及眼球部分生物学参数。
　　结果：维吾尔族与汉族学生眼压、前房深度、晶状体厚度、玻璃体腔长度、眼轴长度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。维吾尔族男生与女生前房深度、眼轴长度、角膜屈光力差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。汉族男生与女生眼轴长度、角膜屈光力差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同眼别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。维吾尔族男生与汉族男生眼压、前房深度、玻璃体腔长度、眼轴长度、晶状体厚度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。维吾尔族女生与汉族女生眼压、前房深度、眼轴长度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
　　结论：汉族学生比维吾尔族学生眼压高、前房深、玻璃体腔长、眼轴长、晶状体薄；相同民族男生眼轴长度均较女生长，角膜屈光力比女生小，其中维吾尔族男生比同民族女生前房深。汉族男生较维吾尔族男生眼压高、前房深、玻璃体腔长、眼轴长、晶状体薄；汉族女生较维吾尔族女生眼压高、前房深、眼轴长。右眼与左眼眼压及眼球部分生物学参数比较无差异。

Analysis on intraocular pressures and partial biological parameters of emmetropia of Uyghur and Han nationality college students

AIM:To test the intraocular pressures and some biological parameters of Uyghur and Han healthy college students whose eyes are emmetropia, and to conduct comparisons between the two races, two genders, and the right and left eyes whether there is a difference between the two races.

METHODS: Cross-sectional study. The vision of college students who reach the clinic with visual chart were tested; the keratorefractive power with an automatic refractor was tested; the eyes with slit lamp and ophthalmoscope were tested. The intraocular pressures of 405 cases(810 eyes in total)with an automatic non-contact tonometer were tested; The anterior chamber depths, lens thicknesses, vitreous cavity lengths and axial lengths with an A/B-type ultrasound diagnostic equipment were tested; The intraocular pressures and some biological parameters of the two races, two genders, same genders of different races, and the right and left eyes were compared.

RESULTS: The differences between Uyghur and Han college students in intraocular pressure, anterior depth, lens thickness, vitreous cavity length and axial length were statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference between Uyghur male college students and Uyghur female college students in anterior depth, axial length, keratorefractive power were statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference between Han male college students and Han female college students in axial length, keratorefractive power were statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference between the right and left eyes was statistically insignificant(P>0.05). The differences between Uyghur male college students and Han male college students in intraocular pressure, anterior depth, vitreous cavity length, axial length and lens thickness were statistically significant(P<0.05). The differences between Uyghur female college students and Han female college students in intraocular pressure, anterior depth and axial length were statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Compared with Uyghur college students, Han college students are higher in intraocular pressure, deeper in anterior depth, longer in vitreous cavity length and axial length, and thinner in lens thickness. Compared with female college students of same race, the male college students are longer in axial length and smaller in keratorefractive power. Moreover, Uyghur male college students are deeper than Uyghur female college students in anterior depth. Compared with Uyghur male college students, Han male college students are higher in intraocular pressure, deeper in anterior depth, longer in vitreous cavity length and axial length, and thinner in lens thickness. Compared with Uyghur female college students, Han female college students are higher in intraocular pressure, deeper in anterior depth, and longer in axial length. There is no difference between the right and left eyes.