枇杷叶水提物的急性毒性和遗传毒性

目的：研究枇杷叶水提物（AEEJL）的急性毒性和遗传毒性。方法：采用急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、哺乳动物骨髓微核试验及体外哺乳细胞染色体畸变试验对枇杷叶水提物进行急性毒性和遗传毒性研究。结果：急性经口毒性试验显示枇杷叶水提物对小鼠的半数致死量（LD₅₀）大于20.00 g/kg。Ames试验在剂量为8~5 000 μg/皿范围内，回变菌落数均未达到自发回变菌落数的2倍，亦无剂量-反应关系；微核试验在剂量为20.0、10.0和5.00 g/kg时微核细胞率均<3.0‰，与阴性对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；染色体畸变试验在剂量为625~5 000 μg/mL范围内，畸变细胞率均≤5.0%，与阴性对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：在本实验条件下，枇杷叶水提物属无毒级物质，未显示遗传毒性。

Acute and genetic toxicity of aqueous extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the acute and genetic toxicity of aqueous extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves. METHODS: Acute oral toxicity,bacterial reverse mutation (Ames test),mammalian erythocyte micronucleus and in vitro mammalian cells chromosome aberration assays were used. RESULTS: The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of aqueous extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves was more than 20.00 g/kg. Using 8-5 000 μg/plate of Eriobotrya japonica leaves in the Ames test,the number of spontaneous revertants did not reach levels 2 times higher than the spontaneous mutation rate,and there was no dose-effect relationship. At the doses of 20.0,10.0 and 5.00 g/kg,the micronucleus rate was not significantly different from the negative control group (P>0.05). At the doses of 625-5 000 μg/mL,the chromosome aberration rate was not significant different from the negative control group(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Under our test conditions,aqueous extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves did not show acute or genetic toxicity in a variety of tests.