益生菌防治小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床研究

目的:探讨益生菌对小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRTIs)的防治效果及不良反应。 方法:选择 2014 年 1 月至 2016 年 1 月海南医学院第二附属医院门诊收治的 RRTIs 患儿 85 例,采用前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的方法分为益生菌组 43 例和安慰剂组42 例。 益生菌组给予益生菌片(每片重 0.5 g,含双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌均≥0.5×10^6 CFU)2 片,3 次/ 日,口服 3 个月;安慰剂组给予安慰剂(片剂外观、口味与益生菌片相同但无益生菌成分),用法同益生菌组。 治疗后两组患儿均随访观察 12 个月,并详细记录两组患儿治疗前后的呼吸道感染次数、抗生素使用及咳嗽、发热、患病天数和药物不良反应等情况。 结果:疗程结束后随访 12 个月,益生菌组与安慰剂组年呼吸道感染次数分别为(3.8±1.6)次、(7.3±1.8)次,抗生素使用时间分别为(12.1±5.6)d、(22.6±7.1)d,咳嗽时间分别为(11.6±4.6)d、(20.3±6.7)d,发热时间分别为(6.4±2.3)d、(13.5±4.2)d,患病时间分别为(13.2±6.0)d、(23.4±7.8)d,两组患儿比较差异均有统计学意义(P 均<0.05)。 两组患儿均未见明显药物不良反应。 结论:益生菌防治小儿 RRTIs 具有较高的安全性,可以减少呼吸道感染次数,减少抗生素使用、咳嗽、发热和患病天数。

Prevention and Treatment of Probiotics in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective: To investigate the prevention and treatment, adverse effect of probiotics in children with recurrent respiratorytract infections (RRTIs). Methods: Eighty-five children with RRTIs were selected, and divided into probiotics group (n = 43) andcontrol group (n=42) in a randomly, double-blindly and placebo-controlled trail from the outpatient department in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from January 2014 to January 2016. Probiotic tablets were given to the probiotics group, 2 tablets orally, 3 times a day for 3 months (There are more than 0.5×10^6 CFU Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in each probiotic tablet,respectively). While the placebo were given to the control group, the same usage as the probiotics group with the same shape, taste of the probiotic tablets, yet without the probiotic ingredient. Both groups were followed up for 12 months after treatment and the times of respiratory infections, days of antibiotics usage, cough and fever, and days of illness, and drug adverse reactions were recorded before and after treatment of the two groups. Results: After following up for 12 months, the times of respiratory infections, days of antibiotics usage, cough, fever due to respiratory infections, and days of illness were (3.8±1.6) times and (7.3±1.8) times, (12.1±5.6) d and (22.6±7.1) d, (11.6±4.6) d and (20.3±6.7) d, (6.4±2.3) d and (13.5±4.2) d, (13.2±6.0) d and (23.4±7.8) d between the treatment group and control group, respectively, and the differences of the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). No adverse drug reactions were observed in both groups. Conclusion: Probiotics has the prevention and treatment effect on RRTIs in children, and have high safety. Probiotics can reduce the times of respiratory infections, the days of antibiotics usage, cough, fever and the days of illness.