某院562例儿童药品不良反应回顾性分析

目的:了解我院儿童药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析方法,对我院2015-2016年上报国家ADR监测系统的562例儿童ADR报告进行统计、分析和评价。结果:在562例儿童ADR中,男304 例(54.1%),女258例(45.9%);1-3岁年龄组ADR发生率最高(47.0%);静脉滴注是引发ADR最主要的给药途径,共372例(66.2%);引发ADR最多的药品种类为抗感染药(44.8%),而抗感染药又以头孢菌素类为主(57.5%);ADR最常见的临床表现为皮肤及其附件损害(68.4%)。结论:给药途径、品种等多种因素与儿童ADR 的发生密切相关,临床需严格掌握药物的适应证、给药途径、给药速度等,以促进临床合理用药,减少ADR的发生。

Retrospective Analysis of 562 Cases of Pediatric Adverse Drug Reactions

Objective: To investigate the occurrence characteristics and regulations of pediatric adverse drug reactions (ADR) in ourhospital, so as to provide reference for the rational drug use in clinic. Methods: Retrospective analysis was adopted, statistical analysis and evaluation was conducted on 562 cases of pediatric ADR reported from our hospital to the National ADR Monitoring System during 2015-2016. Results: Of the 562 cases of pediatric ADR, 304 cases were male (54.1%), 258 cases were female (45.9%); theincidence of ADR in patients aged from one year to three years were the highest (47.0%); most of the ADR cases were induced byintravenous injection, totally 372 cases (66.2%); anti-infective drugs were the major cause of ADR in respect of the drug types(44.8%), among which cephalothin took the lead (57.5%); the lesion of skin and its appendants were the most common clinicalmanifestations of ADR (68.4%). Conclusion: The occurrence of ADR are related to multiple factors, such as route of administrationand drug varieties. Great importance should be attached to indication, route of administration and delivery rate, so as to promote the rational drug use and reduce the occurrence of ADR.