粉尘螨舌下脱敏治疗双螨致敏变应性鼻炎的起效时间及机制讨论

目的：评估粉尘螨舌下脱敏治疗双螨致敏变应性鼻炎（AR）的起效时间,讨论单一脱敏治疗双螨致敏AR的机制。方法：以50例粉尘螨和户尘螨双螨过敏的AR患者为研究对象,记录患者在脱敏治疗前及治疗3、6个月时的鼻塞、喷嚏、流涕和鼻痒症状并评分,求鼻部症状总评分（TNSS）。结果：治疗6个月后,患者鼻部TNSS、喷嚏、鼻塞、鼻痒和流涕评分均降低,与治疗3个月及治疗前比较,均差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;治疗3个月与治疗前比较,喷嚏、流涕及TNSS均降低,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论：单一脱敏治疗双螨过敏AR的起效时间为12周,随脱敏治疗时间的增加,脱敏效果更佳。

The mechanism and onset time of single dermatophagoides farina sublingual immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis sensitized to dermatophagoides farina and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Dp in our department. The average age of those patients is 28.98：1：2.41 years old. The nasal symptom scores of sneezing, itching, obstruction and runny nose are recorded after three to six months. SPSS 20.0 software is used to analyze the data. Result：After treatment for 3 months with sublingual immunotherapy, the TNSS（P〈0.05）, score of sneezing（P〈0.01） and runny nose（P〈0.01） is significantly decreased comparing with that before treat- ment. The scores of obstruction and itching are increased, but the differences are not statistically significant. Af- ter treatment for 6 months, the TNSS（P〈0.01）, score of sneezing（PM0.01）, itching（P〈0.01）, obstruction （P〈0.05）and runny nose（P〈0.01）are all decreased, the difference between the scores of 6 month after treat- ment and that before treatment is statistically significant. And all of the scores（Z=-5. 749,P〈0.01, sneezing; Z=-5. 353,P〈0. 01,runny nose ; Z=-3. 476,P〈0. 01, congestion ;Z=-3.824,P〈0. 01, itching; Z=-5. 746,P〈0.01, TNSS） at 3 month after treatment are significant higher than that after 6 month treat- ment. Conclusion：The onset time of single Df sublingual immunotherapy for patients sensitized to Dp and Df with allergic rhinitis is 12 weeks, and the efficacy is enhanced as time of the treatment.