新生儿脐血IL-10、IL-4、IgE水平在婴幼儿过敏性疾病中的变化及其关系研究

目的探讨患过敏性疾病的婴幼儿在出生时脐血IL-10、IL-4、IgE的变化及三者之间的关系。方法随机采集329份新生儿脐血标本,应用ELISA方法测定IL-10、IL-4、IgE水平。对329名新生儿进行随访,前瞻性地追踪观察各种过敏性疾病的发生情况。采用SPSS统计软件的单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析确定各种因素对过敏性疾病发生的影响。结果患过敏性疾病组脐血IL-4、IgE水平较未患过敏性疾病组明显增高(P均<0.01)。而IL-10水平较后者明显降低(P<0.01);患过敏性疾病患儿脐血的三种介质的相关分析显示:两两之间呈显著相关,即IL-4与IgE之间呈显著正相关(r=0.734,P<0.001);IL-10与IL-4呈显著负相关(r=-0.593,P<0.001);IL-10与IgE亦呈显著负相关(r=-0.694,P<0.001);Logistic回归分析结果表明阳性家族哮喘史、阳性家族过敏史、脐血中IL-4和IL-10四个因素与过敏性疾病的发生关系密切,其中阳性家族哮喘史的相对危险度最高。结论阳性家族过敏史、阳性家族哮喘史、脐血IL-4增高或IL-10降低是婴幼儿期过敏性疾病发生的重要危险因素。通过观察出生时新生儿脐血IL-4、IL-10、IgE水平的变化可预测婴幼儿过敏性疾病的发生。

The changes and relationship of newborn cord blood IgE, IL-4, IL-10 in infants with allergic diseases

Objective To evaluate the changes and relationship of newborn cord blood IgE, IL-4, IL-10 in infants with allergic diseases.Methods The levels of cord blood IgE, IL-10, IL-4 in 329 newborns were measured by ELISA. The incidence of allergic diseases and several factors related to the development of infant allergic diseases were prospectively investigated through follow-up. Statistical analysis of both single factor and multiple factors (Logistic regression) were used. Results The levels of IL-4 and IgE in infants with allergic diseases were much higher than those in infants without allergic diseases. The levels of IL-10 in infants with allergic diseases were much lower than that in infants without allergic diseases. Among IL-10, IL-4 and IgE, there was a significant correlation between everey two indexes. After Logistic regression, positive family history of asthma, positive family history of allergic diseases, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly related to the development of infant allergic diseases and the positive family history of asthma showed the hisghest relative risk. Conclusion The positive family history of asthma, positive family history of allergic disease and the level of IL-4 and IL-10 newborn cord blood and IgE were able to predict the development of infant allergic diseases.