2011年北京市西城区病媒生物密度调查与防制对策

目的了解2011年北京市西城区病媒生物种群密度变化、环境分布及季节消长变化,为今后病媒生物防制提供科学依据。方法成蚊密度监测采用CO2灯诱法;蝇密度监测采用笼诱法;鼠密度监测采用夹夜法和粉块法;蟑螂密度调查采用粘捕法。结果淡色库蚊密度最高,环境中公园绿地蚊密度最高,7月上旬和8月上旬出现2个峰值;麻蝇密度最高,环境中公园绿地蝇密度最高,5～7月共出现4个峰值;鼠种主要为小家鼠和褐家鼠,受春秋季灭鼠影响不呈季节性分布;蜚蠊全部是德国小蠊,受统一灭蟑的影响也不呈季节性分布。结论蚊、蝇密度与2010年相比有所增加,公园绿地仍为防制重点,鼠和蟑螂受防制工作的影响密度较低,环境分布不明显。早期开展重点地区防制应为今后工作重点。

Investigation and control countermeasures of vector density in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2011

Objective To understand the population density,environment distribution and seasonal fluctuation of vector in Xicheng District of Beijing,and provide scientific basis for future vector prevention and control.Methods Use CO2 light trap to detect the density of mosquito,use cage trap to monitor the density of flies,use night trapping and powder track methods to detect the density of rats and,use adhesive method to investigate the density of cockroaches.Results The density of culex pipiens pallens was the highest,and the density of mosquito was the highest in park greenland.There were two peaks in early July and early August.The density of flesh fly was the highest,and the density of flies was the highest in parks greenland.There were four peaks during May to July.The domination species of mouse were rattus norvegicus and sewer rat.The density of rats didn’t present seasonality for the effect of Spring and Autumn.All the blattarias were german blattella,and it also didn’t present seasonlity for the effect of unified elimination activity.Conclusions The densities of mosquito and fly increased compared with 2010.The key places of prevention and control were still the park greenland.The densities of mouse and cockroach were low for the effect of control activity,so environment distribution was not obvious.Carrying out prevention and control work in early time was the key to the future work.