成人接种卡介苗防治慢性支气管炎监测研究

目的 探讨成人接种卡介苗对慢性支气管炎的治疗与预防作用.方法以分层整群随机抽样确定科研点的县、乡,再以乡的村为单位随机分为研究组和对照组,对其中20～55岁非肿瘤、结核病现症患者的自愿村民按性别、年龄分别配对,给研究组进行卡介苗接种,每6个月1次连续3次;依靠县、乡、村三级防疫网络,对慢性支气管炎患者的急性发作(复发)和新发生的慢性支气管炎患者进行监测.结果 抽取的4个乡,计83个村,共有慢性支气管炎患者2 047例,患病率为1.89%(2 047/108 189).纳入监测的20～55岁村民共24 830人,有慢性支气管炎患者161例,患病率为0.65%.其中研究组84例,对照组77例.在1997年12月至2009年12月监测期间,研究组死亡5例.尚存的79例慢性支气管炎患者中急性发作39例,共计275次(人次);对照组死亡7例,尚存的70例慢性支气管炎患者急性发作65例,共计922次.在患者复发率及复发的次数(人次)方面,研究组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=33.300,P<0.01;U=351.000,P<0.01).研究组原非慢性支气管炎患者12 331人中死亡451人,新发慢性支气管炎76例,慢性支气管炎发生、复发共计869次;对照组原非慢性支气管炎患者12 338人中死亡597人,新发慢性支气管炎127例,慢性支气管炎发生、复发共计2 349次.在慢性支气管炎发病率及发生、复发的次数(人次)方面,研究组与对照组间的差异亦均有统计学意义(χ~2=13.537,P<0.01;U=1496.000,P<0.01).结论 研究结果显示成人接种卡介苗对慢性支气管炎的发生有一定预防作用,对慢性支气管炎患者减少复发有一定治疗作用.

Monitoring research on bacille calmette-guerin vaccination for adults on prevention and treatment of chronic bronchitis

Objective To discuss the prevention and treatment of bacille calmette-guerin(BCG) vaccination for adults with chronic bronchitis. Methods The county and town were determined as sampling by stratified-cluster-random method. Then the villages in the town were used as units and divided into study group and control group randomly. The voluntary villagers who had no tumor but tuberculosis from 20 to 55 years old matched by gender and age. BCG was vaccinated to study group every six months for three times. The recrudescent and new patients with chronic bronchitis were monitored by epidemic prevention net of county,town and village. Results There were 2 047 cases of chronic bronchitis in the four towns which had 83 villages,and the sickness rate was 1.89% (2 047/108 189). The villagers from 20 to 55 years old who were brought into the monitor were 24 830 cases,among which there were 161 cases of chronic bronchitis,and the sickness rate was 0.65%. There were 84 cases in study group and 77 cases in control group. Within the monitoring time from December 1997 to December 2009, in study group, five cases died,and among the rest 79 cases,39 cases suffered from recrudescence of chronic bronchitis, 275 times in total. In control group, seven cases died, and among the rest 70 cases, 65 cases suffered form recrudescence of chronic bronchitis, 922 times in total. On the relapse rate and relapse times, there was statistical difference between study group and control group(χ~2 = 33.300, P<0.01 ; U = 351.000, P 0.01). In study group,451 people died in 12 331 people who were original non-chronic bronchitis patients, there were 76 cases newly issued chronic bronchitis, and the times of occurrence and recrudescence of chronic bronchitis were 869 in total. In control group,597 people died in 12 338 people who were original non-chronic bronchitis patients, there were 127 cases newly issued chronic bronchitis, and the times of occurrence and recrudescence of chronic bronchitis were 2 349 in total. On the incidence and times of occurrence and recrudescence of chronic bronchitis, there was statistical difference between study group and control group(χ~2=13.537, P<0.01 ; U = 1496.000, P<0.01). Conclusions The results show that BCG vaccination for the adults may have the preventive effect for the chronic bronchitis and treatment (control) effect for the recrudescence of chronic bronchitis.