上海市五区结核病患者吸烟现况调查

目的了解上海市五区结核病患者的吸烟、被动吸烟现状,为今后对结核病患者进行戒烟干预提供信息。方法采用方便整群抽样选取上海市5个区2008年登记在册的所有年龄≥14岁的新登菌阳结核病患者进行问卷调查。结果有效调查的1019名结核病患者中,每日吸烟率为30.3%,其中男性为44.3%,女性为0.9%;确诊为结核病时,男性的标化现在吸烟率和标化吸烟率分别为58.0%,78.7%,女性的标化现在吸烟率和标化吸烟率分别为1.3%,3.5%;85.5%的现在吸烟者为中重度吸烟者。61.9%的现在吸烟者表示"打算在一个月内戒烟",仍有19.8%表示"对戒烟没有兴趣"。男性、年龄在40～59岁、初高中文化程度、低收入水平、在婚的沪籍人口吸烟率较高。结核病患者的被动吸烟率为55.8%,其中男性56.4%,女性55.3%,差别无统计学意义。结论结核病患者的标化现在吸烟率和标化吸烟率较高。

Investigation of Smoking and Passive Smoking Status among Tuberculosis Patients in Five Districts of Shanghai

Objective To investigate the status of current smoking and passive smoking among tuberculosis （TB） patients in five districts of shanghai, and to gather evidence for proactive tobacco cessation intervention.Methods All sputum-positive TB patients aged 〉I 14 years registered from January 1st 2008 through December 31th 2008 in five districts of shanghai were recruited for this study through convenience sampling. Results Among the 1 028 recruited TB patients, 1 O19 patients were available. The rate of daily smoking among 1 019 TB patients was 30.3% （male 44.3%, female 0.9%）. The age-standardized current smoking rate were 58.0% for male and 1.3% for female. The age-standardized smoking rate was 78.7% for male and 3.5% for female. 85.5% of current smokers were severe or medium smokers. 61.9% of current smokers declared that they were planning to quit smoking in one month, while 19.8% of them reported that they were not interested in quitting. The prevalence of current smoking was higher in the following sub-groups： male, age between 40 and 59 years, junior and senior high school education, married, low-level income and registered permanent residence of Shanghai. Passive smoking rate among the investigated TB patients was 55.8% with no significant difference between male and female （male 56.3%, female 55.3%）. Conclusion The smoking rate and age-standardized cmTent smoking rate of TB patient＇s are significantly higher than the rates in general population.