注意缺陷多动障碍儿童母亲相关因素的病例对照研究

目的 研究母亲的性格、烟酒嗜好及怀孕时健康情况与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的关系,为早期预防儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)的发生提供相关的理论依据.方法 采用1∶1匹配病例对照研究的方法,对139例确诊病例和与之相匹配的139例正常儿童采用自制的母亲调查问卷进行调查.对数据进行单因素x2检验和t检验,进一步对相关的危险因素进行条件Logistic回归分析.结果 经单因素x2检验、t检验和条件Logistic回归分析,结果显示母亲性格内向急躁(P=0.006,OR=1.745,95％CI:1.170～2.605)、怀孕时情绪不稳定(P＜0.001,OR=6.188,95％ CI:2.404 ～ 15.934)、羊水不正常(P =0.005,OR=17.619,95％ CI:2.353 ～ 131.927)是儿童发生注意缺陷多动障碍的主要危险因素,而怀孕年龄(P=0.035,OR=0.908,95％ CI:0.830 ～0.993)是保护因素.结论 女性应该选择适当的生育年龄进行生育,且在怀孕期间应该保持良好的情绪,进行必要的产期检查确保胎儿在腹中健康发育,预防胎儿在儿童时期注意缺陷多动障碍的发生.

A case-control study on mother related factors of children with attention deficit hyperactivity

Objective To provide relevant theoretical basis for the prevention of children attention deficit hyper- activity disorder （ADHD）. Methods Mothers of 139 children with ADHD and mothers of 139 matched children were in- vestigated by a self-made questionnaire. In addition, the chi-square test and t test were used to test single factors. Multi- factors inspection was tested by Conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results Maternal character （P = 0. 006, OR = 1. 745, 95% CI： 1. 170-2. 605 ）, unstable emotions （ P 〈 0. 001, OR = 6. 188, 95% CI： 2. 404-15. 934） in period of preg- nancy, and the amniotie fluid （ P = 0. 005, OR = 17. 619, 95% CI 2. 353-13l. 927 ） were risk factors of children with ADHD. The pregnant age（ P = 0. 035, OR = 0. 908, 95% CI：0. 830-0. 993 ）was a protective factor. Conclusions Women should choose appropriate pregnant age, pregnant women should keep a good mood and take necessary antenatal examina- tion to prevent the fetus from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of children.