2013年芜湖市镜湖区居民健康素养调查报告

目的 了解芜湖市镜湖区居民的健康素养水平,分析相关影响因素,为干预措施的选择和政府相关政策的制定提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,完全随机抽样抽取5个街道,再完全随机从每个街道中抽取1个居委会.通过问卷开展调查,视正确回答80％及以上调查内容的对象为具备健康素养.结果 镜湖区居民具备健康素养的比例为25.53％.具备基本知识与理念素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、基本技能素养的人群比例分别为33.81％、18.72％和21.05％.具备7类健康问题素养人群的比例由高到低排列分别为:科学健康观78.72％、安全与急救62.37％、信息的获取和理解33.93％、慢性病预防32.34％、传染病预防31.29％、基本医疗21.89％、日常保健16.77％.健康素养在文化程度和家庭年收入方面差异均有统计学意义(均有P＜0.05).结论 镜湖区居民总体健康素养水平不高,有个别项目薄弱,需开展针对性的健康教育工作,拓展健康教育形式,针对薄弱知识点,薄弱人群进行重点于预并稳定开展健康素养监测工作.

Investigation on health literacy levels of residents in Jinghu District of Wuhu City, 2013

Objective To realize the situation of residents＇ health literacy in Jinghu District, and to analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for developing strategies and intervention measures. Methods The stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used. Completely random sampling method was used to select five streets, and then to selected one neighborhood from each street. Residents＇ health literacy was surveyed through a ques- tionnaire. The residents who correctly answered 80% and above of the health literacy questionnaire were regarded as having health literacy. Results The overall rate of the residents＇ health literacy was 25.53%. The residents with basic health knowledge and concepts, healthy lifestyle and behaviors, and health skills accounted for 33.81%, 18.72% and 21.05%, respectively. The proportions of having knowledge of scientific concept of health, safety and first aid, accessing and under- standing of information, chronic disease prevention, infectious disease prevention, basic medical care, and daily health care were 78.72%, 62. 37%, 33.93%, 32. 34%, 31.29%, 21.89% and 16. 77%, respectively. The differences of health literacy levels of residents with different education levels and household income were statistically significant （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The health literacy level of the residents in Jinghu District is not so high as expected and is weak in some aspects. It is necessary to develop the measures of health education, and to carry out interventions in the population with less knowledge. Targeted health education and regular health literacy monitoring are essential for further actions.