新疆生产建设兵团2008-2012年居民死因分析

目的 了解新疆生产建设兵团(兵团)居民死因状况及主要死因造成的寿命损失情况,为制定有效的预防干预措施提供科学依据.方法 利用兵团2008-2012年8个师部死因监测系统上报的数据和公安部门提供的人口资料,采用ICD-10进行死因分类,使用Excel 2010和SAS 9.2软件进行数据整理和统计分析,计算死亡率、潜在寿命损失年(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和减寿率等指标.结果 兵团2008-2012年居民粗死亡率为508.67/10万,男性624.01/10万,女性383.14/10万,男性粗死亡率高于女性;0～岁组和15～岁组的5年标化死亡率呈下降趋势,45～岁组和≥65岁组的标化死亡率呈上升趋势;损伤与中毒占0～岁组和15～岁组死亡人数的构成比为24.19％和30.48％,循环系统疾病占45～岁组和≥65岁组死亡人数的构成比为36.68％和47.20％;按标化潜在寿命损失年(standard potential years of life lost,SPYLL)排序前5位死因依次是损伤与中毒、循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病.结论 损伤与中毒和慢性非传染性疾病已经成为严重威胁兵团居民健康的公共卫生问题,应有针对性的开展健康教育与健康促进等措施,降低损伤与中毒和慢性非传染性疾病对居民健康的威胁.

Analysis on death causes of residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops from 2008 to 2012

Objective To study death causes and the years of potential life lost （PYLL） caused by the main death among residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops. Methods Data was derived from the disease death surveillance database of eight divisions during 2008 to 2012, and the population data were collected from public security bureau. ICD-10 was used to classify death causes. Software of Excel 2010 and SAS 9. 2 were used to collect and analyse data. The mortality rate, PYLL and the rate of PYLL ‰ was calculated. Results The crude mortality rate was 508.67/100 000 in Xinjiang Production and construction Crops from 2008 to 2012. The male mortality （624. 01/100 000） rate was higher than the female（383.14/100 000）. The standardized mortality rates of the two age groups （0- and 15-） had a declining trend, and the standardized mortality rates of the other two age groups （45- and ≥65 ） had an inclining trend in the last 5 years. The leading causes of death in the two age groups （0- and 15-） were injuries and poisoning, and the constituent ratios were 24. 19% and 30. 48%. The leading cause of death in the two age groups （45- and ≥65） was circulatory system diseases, and the constituent ratios were 36. 68% and 47.20%. The top five death causes ranked by SPYLL were injuries and poisoning, circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, respiratory diseases and digestive diseases. Conclusions Chronic non-communicable diseases, injuries and poisoning are the main public health problems affecting the health of the residents. The health education and health promotion should be carried out to reduce the threat of injuries and poisoning, chronic non-communicable diseases to the health of the residents.