电子喉镜在小儿喉部疾病诊断中的应用

摘要] 目的 探讨电子喉镜在小儿喉部疾病诊断中的应用价值。 方法 采用Pentax VNL-1130 型电子喉镜对深圳市儿童医院2005年1月至2006年7月间1381例有喉部症状的患儿进行喉部检查。男926 例，女455例，年龄0～17岁，其中0～1岁164例，平均年龄4.8岁。结果 1381例患儿顺利接受检查并得出诊断，发现小儿常见喉部疾病为慢性喉炎（698例）、声带小结（384例）和声带息肉（143例），先天性喉喘鸣（63例）和急性喉炎（56例）是婴儿常见喉部疾病；此外还发现一些以往很容易误诊的罕见疾病，其中声带麻痹16例，先天性喉蹼4例，喉咽异物3例，喉乳头状瘤3例，会厌囊肿3例，喉裂3例，急性会厌炎2例，环杓关节炎1例，声门下狭窄1 例，喉损伤性肉芽肿1例。结论 慢性喉炎和声带小结/息肉是小儿常见的喉部疾病。电子喉镜是小儿喉部疾病诊断的一种新的有用的工具。

Application of video laryngoscope in diagnosis of pediatric laryngeal diseases

Abstract] OBJECTIVE To discuss the experience with video laryngoscope used to the diagnosis to pediatric laryngeal diseases. METHODS Pentax VNL-1130 mode of video laryngoscope was used in diagnosis of 1381 cases of pediatric with laryngeal symptomatic in shenzhen Children’s Hospital from Jan, 2005 to Jul, 2006. 926 cases were male and 455 cases were female，the average age was 4.8 years(range from 0 to 7 years), and 164 cases range from 0 to 1 years of the total. RESULTS 1381 cases were examined by video laryngoscope, and correct diagnosis was made. chronic laryngitis (698 cases),Vocal nodule (384 cases) and vocal cord polyp (143 cases) were common pediatric laryngeal diseases. Congenital laryngeal stridor (63 cases) and acute laryngitis (56 cases) were common baby laryngeal disease. Some orphan laryngeal diseases which easy misdiagnosed in the past including vocal cord paralysis (16 cases), congenital laryngeal webs (4 cases),foreign body of laryngeal pharynx (3 cases), papilloma of larynx (3 cases), epiglottis cystis (3 cases), laryngeal cleft (3 cases), acute epiglottitis(2 cases), cricoarytenoid arthritis(1 cases), subglottic stenosis (1 cases) and granuloma of injury of larynx(1 cases) were found. CONCLUSION Vocal nodule/ polyp and chronic laryngitis are common pediatric laryngeal diseases. Video laryngoscope is a new excellent instrument in diagnosis of pediatric laryngeal disease.