皮肤软组织扩张术并发症的统计分析

目的：总结皮肤软组织扩张术并发症的特点。方法：回顾性分析我科1988年～2008年间所做的372例皮肤软组织扩张术病例，统计并发症的种类和发生部位。结果：共使用558个扩张器，发生并发症62例次，其中头部11例、颈部44例、躯干2例、四肢5例。经统计分析表明颈部并发症发生率明显高于其余部位。结论：颈部皮肤软组织扩张术的并发症发生率较高，主要原因是颈部呈弧形，软组织层次较复杂，血管较多，不易分离出平整、层次一致的腔隙。若术中细致分离，保持分离平面一致，妥善止血，术后负压引流，有效固定，可有效降低并发症发生率。

The statistical analysis of the complications during skin and soft tissue expansion

Objective To summarize the characteristics of the complications during skin and soft tissue expansion. Methods We reviewed the patients undergoing skin and soft tissue expansion in our department from 1988.1 to 2008.12 and analyzed the sites and types of the complications. Results Total 558 skin expanders were used in 372 patients. 62 cases of complications occurred, the types and sites of which were described as following： 11 cases occurred on the head; 44 cases occurred on the neck; 2 cases occurred on the trunk; 5 cases occurred on the extremities. Statistic analysis showed skin and soft tissue expansion in the neck had the highest risk of complications. Conclusions Skin and soft tissue expansion in the neck has a relatively higher possibility of complications, which is due to the specific contour of neck, complicated structure of soft tissue and abundant blood supply in the neck and the difficulty for the separation of lacura. Careful separation of lacuna, smooth and consistent structural layer, reliable homeostasis, negative pressure drainage and effective fixation can lower the incidence rate of complications.