四川省X射线摄影机(DR)受检者入射体表剂量水平调查与分析

目的了解四川省X射线摄影所致受检者的入射体表剂量水平。方法选取四川省7个市州12家不同级别的医疗机构中324例X射线摄影机(DR)受检者为研究对象,采用热释光剂量计测量受检者不同部位的入射体表剂量(entrance surface dose,ESD)。多组组间M比较采用完全随机设计Kruskal-Wallis H检验,两组组间M比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,非正态分布资料的相关分析采用Spearman相关分析,检测水准α=0.05。结果不同投照部位ESD差异具有统计学意义(H=190.22,P<0.05),其中,以胸部正位检查的ESD最低,腰椎侧位的最高;不同级别医院间ESD的差异有统计学意义(H=19.82,P<0.05),其中,一级医院最大,三级医院最小。结论被调查的受检者X射线摄影的入射体表剂量水平低于我国现行相应诊断项目推荐的指导水平。

Investigation on the Level of Entrance Surface Dose of X-rays Photography(DR)Subjects in 12 Hospitals in Sichuan Province

Objective To understand the level of entrance surface dose(ESD)of DR subjects in Sichuan Province.Methods A total of 324 DR subjects in 12 medical institutions of different levels in 7 cities and prefectures of Sichuan Province were included.The ESD level of different parts of the subjects was measured by thermoluminescent dosimeter.Kruskal-Wallis H tests were applied for comparisons of the multiple groups,and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for comparisons of the two groups.The correlation analysis of non-normally distributed data was performed by using spearman correlation analysis.Results The difference in ESD level among different irradiation sites was statistically significant(P<0.05).The ESD level of the chest examination was the lowest,whilst the ESD level of the lumbar spine was the highest.The difference of ESD between different levels of hospitals was statistically significant(H=19.82,P<0.05).Further,the ESD level of the first-level hospitals was the largest,whereas the ESD level of the third-level hospitals was the smallest.Conclusion The level of ESD of ER subjects is lower than that recommended by the current diagnostic items in China.