山东省某医学院校高职护生健康生活方式现状及影响因素调查

目的调查山东省某医学院校高职护生健康生活方式现状及其影响因素,为制定健康干预方案提供参考依据。方法2019年1-3月,采取分层整群抽样法,抽取山东省某医学院校三年制专科护理学生684名,采用大学生健康生活方式评价量表修订版、一般自我效能感量表和同伴影响抵抗问卷进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果山东省某医学院校高职护生健康生活方式总得分为120.26±16.11,各维度得分运动锻炼为6.83±2.38,规律生活为10.00±2.51,饮食营养为13.86±3.09,健康危害为9.31±1.29,健康责任为20.06±3.22,人际关系为23.48±4.19,压力管理为17.78±3.23,生命欣赏为18.95±3.77;健康生活方式与一般自我效能感以及同伴影响抵抗得分均呈正相关(r=0.385、0.279,均P<0.01)。影响因素预测力依序为自我效能感、同伴影响、自测健康、健康知识关注度及性别。结论山东省某医学院校高职护生健康生活方式处于中等水平,健康危害行为表现最好,运动锻炼行为表现最差;高职护生对健康知识的关注度、同伴影响以及自我效能感是学校可以干预的方向,可制定有针对性的教育措施,以有效促进高职护生建立健康的生活方式。

Investigation on the status and influencing factors of healthy lifestyle among vocational nursing students in a medical college in Shandong Province

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of healthy lifestyle among vocational nursing students in a medical college in Shandong Province,and to provide theoretical basis for formulating health intervention programs.Methods From January to March 2019,684 three-year nursing students in a medical college in Shandong Province were selected by stratified cluster sampling method.The College students’Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale revised version,the General SelfEfficacy Scale and the Resistance to Peer Influence Scale were adopted to investigated,and the data were analyzed.Results The score of health lifestyle of vocational nursing students in a medical college in Shandong Province was 120.26±16.11.The score of exercise behavior,regular lifer,diet nutrition,health risk,health responsibility,interpersonal relationship,stress management and life appreciation dimensions were 6.83±2.38,10.00±2.51,13.86±3.09,9.31±1.29,20.06±3.22,23.48±4.19,17.78±3.23 and 18.95±3.77,respectively.Healthy lifestyle was positively correlated with general self-efficacy and peer influence resistance scores(r=0.385,0.279,both P<0.01).The most predictive influencing factor of healt hy lifestyle was self-efficacy,followed by peer influence,self-measured health,attention to health knowledge and gender.Conclusion The healthy lifestyle of vocational nursing students in a medical college in Shandong Province is at a moderate level,in which the health risk behavior is the best,and the exercise behavior is the worst.The vocational nursing students’attention to health knowledge,peer influence and sense of self-efficacy are the targeted directions that schools can intervene.Specific educational measures can be developed to effectively promote vocational nursing students’healthy lifestyle.