国内外公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生学评价规范与清洗消毒规范对比分析

集中空调通风系统可以改善室内小气候,同时也是室内空气污染物重要来源。我国发布《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生学评价规范》(WS/T395-2012)和《公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗消毒规范》(WS/T396-2012)至今已有8年历史,在科学性、适应性上是否满足当前需要,需要对其进行较为全面的评估。通过对我国现行规范与发达国家规范进行分析对比,为我国现行规范的修订和补充提供依据及合理化建议。本研究提出对室外新风口距污染源分离距离应作出规定;增加盘管表面冷凝水细菌总<1000 CFU/ml卫生学指标;加湿器加湿水应达到饮用水标准;改进风管积尘的采样方法;给出冷凝水中军团菌和菌落总数限值4条建议。

Comparative Analysis on Hygienic Evaluation Specification and Cleaningand Disinfecting Specification of Central Air-conditioning and Ventilation System Between China and Foreign Countries

The central air-conditioning and ventilation system could improve indoor microclimate,but it is also an important source of indoor air pollutants.It has been 8 years since China issued the Hygienic evaluation specification of central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings(WS/T395-2012)and Specification of cleaning and disinfecting for central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings(WS/T396-2012),while whether these specifications could meet the current needs scientifically and adaptively requires a more comprehensive assessment.Through the analysis and comparison of the current norms in China and these in developed countries,the paper provided the basis and rational suggestions for the revision and supplement of the current norms in China.This study suggested that the distance between the outdoor fresh air outlet and pollution source should be specified,the hygienic index of the total bacteria less than 1000 CFU/ml on the surface of the coil should be increased,the water in a humidifier should meet the drinking water standards,the dust sampling method of air duct surface area should be improved,and the total value of legionella and bacteria in condensed water in cooling tower should be given.