补体系统在围术期神经认知障碍中的研究进展

围术期神经认知障碍（PND）是一种常见的围术期神经系统并发症，表现为注意力不集中，学习能力下降和记忆受损，可影响患者术后短期功能恢复及预后，延长患者的住院时间。目前PND的发生机制仍存在争议。补体系统是一种生物级联反应体系，已被证实在多种神经退行性疾病的发生发展过程中起着重要作用。麻醉及手术刺激可激活中枢神经系统中的补体系统，影响神经炎症反应、突触功能、血脑屏障、血脑脊液屏障，引起或加重PND。本文章就补体系统对围术期神经认知功能的影响做一系统综述，以期为PND的潜在药物靶点和治疗提供参考。

Research progress of complement system in perioperative neurocognitive impairment

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common perioperative nervous system complication, which characterized by inattention, decreased learning ability and memory impairment. PND could affect short-term functional recovery and prognosis of patients after surgery, and prolong the length of hospital stay. However, the mechanisms of PND are still controversial. Complement system is a biological cascade reaction system. It has been confirmed that complement system played an important role in the occurrence and development of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, it has been found that the complement system in the central nervous system is activated after anesthesia and surgery. The complement system could affect the neuroinflammatory response, synaptic function, blood-brain barrier and blood-brain spinal fluid barrier, thus causing or aggravating PND. This paper reviews the effect of complement system on perioperative neurocognitive function, in order to provide evidence for the treatment and potential drug targets of PND.