洛沙平治疗首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的探讨丁二酸洛沙平治疗首发精神分裂症的疗效和安全性。方法将70例首发精神分裂症患者按人院顺序分为两组各35例，分别给予洛沙平、氯丙嗪治疗，观察8w。于治疗前及治疗2w、4w、6w、8w末采用阳性与阴性症状量表、副反应量表评定疗效和不良反应。结果治疗8w末洛沙平组有效率82．9％、显效率68．6％，氯丙嗪组分别为80％、65．7％，两组比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）；洛沙平组阳性与阴性症状量表的阴性症状因子分显著低于氯丙嗪组（P〈0．05），副反应量表评分显著低于氯丙嗪组（P均〈0．05），不良反应发生率较低、且程度较轻，主要表现为头晕、静坐不能等。结论洛沙平治疗首发精神分裂症与氯丙嗪具有同等疗效，但改善阴性症状显著优于氯丙嗪，安全性更高，依从性更好。

A control study of loxapine in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of loxapine in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia. Methods 70 schizophrenics were divided into two groups（each n=35） according to admission order treated with loxapine and ehlorpromazine respectively for 8 weeks. Curative effects were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（PANSS） and adverse reactions with the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS） before treatment and at the ends of the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week. Results At the end of the 8th week, the effectiveness and excellence rate were 82. 9% and 68. 6% in the loxapine and 80% and 65.7% in the chlorpromazine group, which showed no significant differences（P〉0.05）. Scores of negative symptom of the PANSS（P〈0. 05） and of the TESS（all P〈0. 05） were significantly lower in the loxapine than in the chlorpromazine group; loxapine had low-incidence and mild adverse reactions which were mainly dizzy, akathisia and so on. Conclusion Loxapine has same efficacy to chlorpromazine in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia, an advantage over chlorpromazine in improving negative symptoms, higher safety and better compliance.