胫骨干骨折4种髓内固定的疗效比较(附782侧报告)

目的:对4种髓内固定治疗胫骨干骨折折的疗效观察并进行比较,评价其疗效并探讨并发症的处理方法。方法:自1984年10月～2006年8月共用4种髓内固定方法治疗胫骨干骨折756例(782侧),476侧开放性胫骨骨折均行急诊清创术,跟骨牵引2周后手术.闭合性胫骨骨折306侧行跟骨牵引或石膏托固定1周,待小腿肿胀期过后行髓内固定。分别用RIN钉(矩型钉)固定126侧,Ender’s钉固定185侧,梅花针及V型钉固定82侧,带锁髓内钉固定389侧。结果:所有病人都得到随访,随访时间36～78个月.RIN钉优116侧(90%)、良17侧(0.9%)、差2侧(1.6%)。Ender’s钉优168侧(90%)、良17侧(0.9%)、差0侧(0%)。梅花钉及V形钉优78侧(95%)、良4侧(0.5%)、差0侧(%)。带锁髓内钉优375侧(95%)、良11侧(2.8%)、差3侧(0.77%)。结论:带锁髓内钉和梅花钉及V型钉固定优良率达95%。髓内固定是治疗胫骨干骨折最好方法之一,适应证广,创伤小,固定牢固,并发症少,骨折愈合快,关节功能恢复快。非扩髓动力固定骨折愈合快。延迟愈合者应改为动力性固定以加快愈合。不连接再次手术时应扩髓,植骨要充分,采用静力固定。术后1d开始借助CPM恢复膝和踝关节功能。

The Analysis of Curative Effect of Four Types Intramedullary Nail in Treatment of Tibia Fracture

Objective:To investigate the effects of four type of intramedullary nail in treatment of tibia fractures,and explore the methods to treatment for complications.Methods:782 cases with tibia fracture treated with four type of intramedullary nail fixation were studied retrospectively from October 1984 to August 2006,476 cases with open tibia fracture were treated with debridement and operated 2 weeks after transcalcaneal traction;306 cases with closed tibia fracture were treated with transcalcaneal traction or...