2011年烟台市农村集中式生活饮用水水质监测分析

目的]了解烟台市农村集中式生活饮用水水质卫生状况,为保障农村居民饮水安全,预防介水传染病的流行提供科学依据。方法]2011年,在烟台市东、西、南、北、中5个方位,抽取包含农业人口的集中式供水的行政村,于枯水期、丰水期采集出厂水、末梢水检测生活饮用水常规指标。结果]2011年合计检测各种集中式供水水样894份,总合格率为32.67%。检测合格率较低的项目有硝酸盐氮(56.82%)、总大肠菌群(69.69%)、耐热大肠菌群(80.43%)、菌落总数(81.54%)。总合格率,枯水期水样为43.18%,丰水期水样为22.15%(P<0.01);出厂水为36.67%,末梢水为29.11%(P<0.05);未处理水样为27.96%,沉淀过滤的水样为52.50%,仅消毒的水样为55.00%,完全处理的水样为95.00%(P<0.01);深井水为35.08%,浅井水为22.84%,地表水为68.52%(P<0.01)。结论]烟台市农村集中式生活饮用水合格率不高,主要是受到微生物的污染。

Analysis on the Quality Surveillance Results of Centralized Water Supply in Rural Areas of Yantai City,2011

Objective]To understand the hygienic condition of drinking water quality in rural areas,in order to protect the safety of drinking water for rural residents and provide scientific bases for preventing the prevalence of waterborne infectious diseases.Methods]Villages covered with agricultural population were chosen in each geographic location of Yantai city,including the East,West,South,North and Central.Villages serviced by centralized water supply were the survey sites.One sample of finished water and one of peripheral water were collected respectively in every site.19 regular indicators of drinking water were detected.Results]A total of 894 samples of centralized water supply were detected in 2011,and the pass rate was 32.67%.The lower qualified rates of detected indicators mainly were nitrate(56.82%),total coliform(69.69%),heat-resistant coliforms(80.43%) and the total count of colonies(81.54%).The qualified rate of drinking water in dry season(43.18%) was higher than the wet period(22.15%)(P<0.01).The qualified rate of finished water(36.67%)was higher than the peripheral water(29.11%)(P<0.05).The pass rates were statistically significant(P<0.01) in different approaches and fully processed water had the highest pass rate(95.00%),untreated water had the lowest pass rate(27.96%),the pass rate of sedimented and filtrated waters was 52.50%,and the pass rate of sterilized waters was 55.00%.Different water sources had different pass rates(P<0.01)and the surface water had the highest pass rate(68.52%),followed by deep well(35.08%) and shallow well(22.84%).Conclusion]The qualified rate of rural centralized water supply is low in Yantai city,mainly due to contamination by mirobes.