复方中药治疗糖尿病的研究进展

糖尿病是以血糖水平升高为主要特征的糖代谢紊乱慢性疾病。随着国民生活水平提高和生活方式改变,糖尿病发病率及并发症逐年升高,带来了严重公共健康问题。近年来糖尿病药物研发领域进展迅速,1型糖尿病药物以研发长效缓释胰岛素制剂为主,2型糖尿病药物多针对单靶点进行研发,但是长期服用易引发酮酸中毒、肥胖、心脑血管等副作用。考虑到对复杂慢性疾病的长期治疗,目前降糖西药研发加强多靶点复方制剂开发,不断有新的西药降糖复方制剂获批上市,这提示复方制剂在糖尿病治疗上的合理性和必要性。基于多活性成分的中药复方制剂具有多成分单靶点的加合作用,多成分多靶点的协同作用及毒性分散效应,有助于恢复机体血糖稳态,且作用温和副作用小,在糖尿病长期治疗中取得不错的临床疗效。该文主要从近年来复方中药治疗糖尿病的临床进展为主线,以经典复方、现代复方和中西药复方干预途径及靶点为切入点,强调机制互补和强强组合来减毒增效的作用机制研究进展进行综述,为合理利用复方中药治疗糖尿病提供理论依据,并有效指导新型复方降糖中药研发。

Compound traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disorder of glucose metabolism characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. With the improvement in living standards and the changes in lifestyle,T2 DM incidence has a dramatic increase in the past decades,bringing a series of public health problems. In the research and development field of diabetic drugs,T1 DM drugs are mainly long-acting sustained-release insulin preparations,whereas T2 DM drugs mainly are based on single target. T2 DM drugs usually have a good anti-hyperglycemic effect,but with side effects for long-term administration. Therefore,the research and development of hypoglycemic drugs focus on formula drugs with multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway effects. In the similar principle of action,traditional Chinese medicine formula has achieved a good efficacy in the treatment of diabetes,with mild anti-hyperglycemic effects and multiple-component synergistic effects in intervening the pathogenesis of diabetes,including additive effect,synergy effect and toxicity scattering effect. This article mainly reviews clinical trials and mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of diabetes,so as to provide a reference to the rational and effective clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine formula in treating diabetes.