长沙市社区高血压前期流行病学调查及危险因素分析

目的：探讨长沙市社区成人高血压前期的流行病学特征及其相关危险因素。方法：采用随机分层整群抽样方法，在长沙市5个区内选择成年居民15 000人，对所抽取的居委会所有符合调查标准的居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和血生物化学指标测量。结果：高血压前期的患病率为34.6%，男性高于女性(44.7% vs 21.7%，P<0.01)，随着年龄增加男性患病率逐渐降低，而女性的患病率逐渐升高；中心性肥胖、高龄、超重、男性、饮酒、吸烟、高总胆固醇、高三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高空腹血糖、高肌酐、高尿酸是高血压前期的危险因素，而文化程度高是高血压前期的保护因素。结论：长沙市社区居民高血压前期患病率达34.6%，男性高于女性。加强社区健康宣讲可以达到早期预防的目的。

Epidemiological analysis for prehypertension and its risk factors in community of Changsha

Objective: To explore the epidemiological features of prehypertension in community of Changsha and its relevant risk factors.Methods: A total of 15 000 participants from 5 communities in Changsha were surveyed by randomly stratified cluster sampling. The questionnaire interviews and physical examination were conducted for these people, and their serum biochemical indexes were also collected and analyzed.Results: The prevalence of prehypertension was 34.6%. The prevalence for males was higher than that in females (44.7% vs 21.7%, P<0.01). The prevalence for males was declined in older age, but for females was increased. Central obesity, age, overweight, male, drinking, smoking, high-level total cholesterol, high-level triglyceride, high-level density-lipoprotein cholesterol, low-level density-lipoprotein cholesterol, high-level fasting blood glucose, high-level creatinine, high-level uric acid were the risk factors for prehypertension, while high level of education was a protective factor.Conclusion: The prevalence for prehypertension is 34.6% in community of Changsha, and the prevalence for males is higher than that for females. It is important to strengthen the health publicity and education in community for earlier prevention.