甲状腺术后甲状旁腺功能减退的危险因素

目的：探讨甲状腺切除术后甲状旁腺功能减退的危险因素。方法：对中南大学湘雅医院2015年4月至2016年12月行甲状腺切除术的492例患者资料进行回顾性分析，采用χ2检验、logistic回归分析筛选术后发生甲状旁腺功能减退的危险因素。结果：术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生率为43.5%，其中暂时性和永久性甲状旁腺功能减退发生率为43.1%和0.4%。单因素分析显示：术后甲状旁腺功能减退与肿瘤的病理性质、手术方式、淋巴结清扫范围、术中纳米碳的应用、合并桥本氏甲状腺炎有关(均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示：手术方式(OR=0.149， 95% CI：0.078~0.28)、淋巴结清扫范围(OR=0.779，95% CI：0.617~0.983)和术中纳米碳应用(OR=1.729， 95% CI：1.067~2.801)是术后甲状旁腺功能减退的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论：甲状旁腺功能减退是甲状腺术后常见的并发症。行全甲状腺切除和颈部淋巴结清扫术的患者术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生率明显升高，术中纳米碳的使用有助于降低术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生率。

Risk factors for hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy. Methods: Clinical data of 492 patients, who underwent thyroidectomy from April 2015 to December 2016 from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, were studied retrospectively. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were performed to find the risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Results: The incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism was 43.5%, and the incidence of temporary and permanent hypoparathyroidism was 43.1% and 0.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that tumor pathology, thyroidectomy types, the extent of lymph node dissection, application of carbon nanoparticles, and merged Hashimoto's thyroiditis were risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism (all P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that: thyroidectomy types (OR=0.149, 95% CI 0.078 to 0.28), the extent lymph node dissection (OR=0.779, 95% CI 0.617 to 0.983) and application of carbon nanoparticles (OR=1.729, 95% CI 1.067 to 2.801) were independent risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypoparathyroidism is a common complication after thyroidectomy. The incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism is significantly increased in patients underwent total thyroidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection. Application of carbon nanoparticles intraoperatively can reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism.