长沙地区汉族正常牙合颅颌面硬组织的三维测量

目的：探究性别、年龄等差异对长沙地区汉族正常牙合颅颌面硬组织的三维口腔颌面锥形束计算机断层 扫描(cone beam CT，CBCT)测量结果的影响。方法：收集80例长沙地区汉族正常牙合颅颌面硬组织CBCT数据，分为 成人组40例，男16例，女24例，年龄(17.57±1.83)岁]和儿童组40例，男16例，女24例，年龄(11.50±1.26)岁]。采用 Dolphion Imaging软件进行三维头影测量，比较不同性别、年龄之间的差异。结果：成人组内男性和女性颅颌面硬组 织对称性均较好(非对称率R最大值为6.39%，最小值为0.08%)；成人组性别比较显示：前腭宽度、腭宽度、上切牙 突距、下切牙突距、舌骨-下颌平面、会厌基底部宽度、腭平面气道宽度差异均无明显统计学意义(均P>0.05)，其余 指标男性均大于女性(均P<0.05)，角度指标的性别差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)；成人组和儿童组相比较，仅后 侧面高度、上颌长度、下切牙突距、下颌平面角差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)，其余指标的差异均无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)。结论：长沙地区汉族正常牙合颅颌面硬组织对称性较好；性别差异及年龄差异均会对线距测量值造成影响， 但对绝大部分角度测量值无影响。

Three dimensional measurement of craniofacial hard tissues for the Han nationality with normal occlusion in Changsha area

Objective: To explore the influence of gender and age on the measurement of cone beam CT (CBCT) in normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area. Methods: A total of 80 CBCT data of normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area were collected, including 40 adults 16 males and 24 females, aged (17.57±1.83) years] and 40 children16 males and 24 females, age (11.50±1.26) years]. Three-dimensional cephalometric measurements were carried out by Dolphion Imaging software, and the influence of gender and age was compared. Results: The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues in male and female in the adults was good (the maximum asymmetric rate R was 6.39% and the minimum asymmetric rate R was 0.08%). There was no significant differencein the anterior palatal width, palatal width, the upper incisor protrusion distance, the lower incisor protrusion distance, hyoid-mandibular plane, basal epiglottis width, and palatal plane airway width between the males and females (all P>0.05); while the remaining indicators were significantly higher in males than those in females (all P<0.05). There was no significant gender difference in angle indicators (all P>0.05). There were significant differences in the posterior height, the maxillary length, the lower incisor protrusion, and the mandibular plane angle between the adults and the children(all P<0.05); but the rest of indicators were not significant difference (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area is good. The gender and age affect the line space measurements but not affect the most of the angle measurements.