影像组学及其在肝癌中的进展

肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma，HCC)是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，因此早期发现和治疗反应的预测对HCC患者有很大益处。 目前，穿刺活检和常规医学成像在HCC患者的管理中发挥重要且基础的作用，而这两种方法分别存在样本误差和操作者依赖性的不足。 影像组学是一种新兴的非侵入性技术，可以突破时空限制来获取肿瘤的综合信息，用以反映肿瘤的情况，从而弥补上述方法的不足。影像组学的基本步骤包括图像的获取，感兴趣区的划分与重建，特征的提取、划分与分类，模型的建立与效能评价。影像组学在HCC的诊断、治疗和评价方面取得了一定的进展，具有应用前景。

Radiomics and its advances in hepatocellular carcinoma

Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, so early detection and prediction for response to treatment is of great benefit to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Currently, needle biopsy and conventional medical imaging play a significant and basic role in HCC patients’ management, while those two approaches are limited in sample error and observer-dependence. Radiomics can make up for this deficiency because it is an emerging non-invasive technic that is capable of getting comprehensive information relevant to tumor situation across spatial-temporal limitation. The basic procedure for radiomics includes image acquisition, region of interest segmentation and reconstruction, feature extraction, selection and classification, and model building and performance evaluation. The current advances and potential prospect of radiomics in HCC studies are involved in diagnosis, prediction for response to treatment, prognosis evaluation and radiogenomics.