变应性疾病患者变应原皮试诊断价值研究

目的 探讨变应性疾病患者吸人性变应原皮试诊断价值.方法 采用变应原浸液对1 434例变应性疾病患者分别进行20种吸人性变应原皮内试验,将4～18岁患者设为儿童组(318例),19～80岁患者设为成人组(1 116例).对两组变应原阳性检出率及分布情况进行比较.结果 检测出变应性疾病有8种,其中变应性鼻炎患病人数位居第一位(1 130例,78.80%);前9位的变应原分别为:夏秋花粉Ⅰ(51.05%),屋尘(48.81%)、混合吸入变应原(48.61%)、蒿属花粉(46.86%)、尘螨(45.19%)、多价昆虫(36.82%)、春季花粉Ⅰ(33.99%)、豚草花粉(31.24%)、春季花粉Ⅱ(30.68%).变应原皮内试验有一项以上阳性者达1 289例(89.89%).19～40岁患病人数最多(53.91%).不同季度间的皮试阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 青壮年是变应性疾病的高发人群,变应性鼻炎是最常见的变应性疾病,尘螨(屋尘、尘螨)、夏秋花粉(夏秋花粉Ⅰ、蒿属及豚草花粉)是引起变应性疾病最主要的变应原.

Diagnostic value of the intradermal tests on inhalant allergens in patients with allergic diseases

Objective To explore the diagnesticvalue of the inhalant allergens in patients with allergic disea-ses. Methods The intradermal tests(IT) of 20 types of the inhalant allergens which were supplied by Diagnosis Rea-gent Factory of Beijing Union Hospital were made on 1434 cases with allergic diseases. The samples were divided into two age groups:4～18 year-old(children group,n=318) and 19-80 year-old( adults group,n=1116). Distribution of the inhalant allergens of the two groups was investigated. Results A total of 1434 cases (male :702, female:732) were diagnosed with allergic diseases. There were 8 kinds of allergic diseases. The number of allergic rhinitis was the first place( 1130 cases,78.80% ). The first 9 positive allergens separately were: polyvalent pollen Ⅰ (51.05%),house dust(48.81% ) ,mixed inhalant allergens( 48.61% ), artemisia pollen( 46.86% ), dust mite( 45.19% ) , poly-valent insects(36.82% ) ,spring poLlen Ⅰ(33.99% ) ,ragweed pollen(31.24% ) ,spring pollen Ⅱ (30.68% ). There were 1289 cases(89.89% ) at ]east one type positively on allergens. The 19～40 aged patients were the most in dif-ferent age groups. The difference of positive detection rate of allergens was significant in different quarters ( P<0.01 ). Conclusion The youth and middle aged is easoer to suffer loom allergic diseases. Allergic rhinitis was the most common disease,and polyvalent pollen Ⅰ ,house dust,artemisia pollen,dust mite,ragweed pollen were the main allergens.