308例神经系统病残儿童病因分析

目的:通过分析近两年泸州市区及各乡镇神经系统疾病所致病残儿童的病因,探讨减少病残儿童发生的防治措施并提出相应的对策。方法:对泸州市区及各乡镇因第1子女为神经系统疾病所致残疾,不能成长为正常劳动力而要求生第2个孩子的308例病残儿鉴定审批表进行疾病分类、病因分析。结果:癫痫82例(26.6%),脑瘫79例(25.6%),智力低下61例(19.8%),脑发育不全52例(16.9%),脑炎后遗症34例(11.1%)。在各种疾病的形成中,生产因素(包括产前和产时)占50.0%,后天因素(包括脑炎后遗症、外伤等)占36.7%,遗传因素占5.2%,原因不明占8.1%。结论:认真做好优生优育宣传工作,加强产前检查、提高产科质量,预防早产儿及畸型儿出生对降低神经系统疾病发病率至关重要。对有神经系统病残倾向的儿童应早期检查、早期干预,以减少病残儿童的发生,减轻病残程度。

The Causes Analysis of 308 Cases of Disabled Children Suffered from Nervous System Disease

Objective:To explore the causes of disabled children suffered from nervous system disease in Luzhou area.Methods:There were totally 308 cases of children who had been appraised、examined and approved disabled children of disease,in the families of Luzhou urban district、each village and town whose first children was deformity caused by nervous system disease,and could not grow up to normal workforce,so they claimed the second,then classified the types of diseases and analyzed the causes of diseases.Results:Epilepsy 82 cases(26.6%);cerebral palsy 79 cases(25.6%);mental retardation 61 cases(19.8%);atelencephalia 52 cases(16.9%);sequela of encephalitis 34 cases(11.1%).Among them the procreated element(including antenatal and delivery)accounts for 50.0%,the acquired element(including encephalitic sequela、traumas,etc) accounts for 5.2%,cryptogeticness accounts for 8.1%.Conclusion:It was especially important to decrease the morbidity of nervous system disease by carrying out the propagation of excellent delivery,strengthening the examination of antenatal,improving the quality of obstetric,preventing the birth of premature infants and dysmorphic infants.Earlier examining、intervening the children who had the disabled tendency in nervous system expect to reduce the occurrence of disabled children of disease and mitigate the extent of disablement.