慢性丙型肝炎患者血清中HCV核心抗原的定性检测

目的:应用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzymelinkedimmunosorbentassay,ELISA)定性检测血清中丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitisCvirus,HCV)核心抗原,分析和评价HCV核心抗原检测的临床价值。方法:应用ELISA方法定性检测慢性丙型肝炎患者149份血清中的HCV核心抗原,以健康人血清20份,慢性乙型肝炎患者血清20份作为对照,以证明方法的特异性;并同时应用RT-PCR和ELISA方法分别检测血清中的HCVRNA和抗HCV。结果:健康人血清和慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HCV核心抗原定性检测均呈阴性反应,检测值(OD值)分别为0.022±0.017,0.001±0.012;149份慢性丙型肝炎患者血清HCV核心抗原阳性者74例,阳性率49.66%,阳性检测值(OD值)为0.534±0.457,与阴性检测值比较其差异有统计学意义。HCVRNA和HCV核心抗原检测有54.36%的符合率,两种检测方法之间检测的差异性无统计学意义(P>0.05)。149份抗HCV阳性血清中HCVRNA阳性率为55.03%(82/149),HCV核心抗原阳性率为49.66%(74/149),两者比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:HCV核心抗原定性检测特异性强,慢性丙型肝炎患者血清中阳性率为49.66%,与HCVRNA有一定的相关性,可能也是反映HCV病毒血症的血清学标志。与HCVRNA同时检测,可提高对慢性丙型肝炎患者的病毒血症和病毒复制诊断率,但其检测的灵敏性还有待进一步提高。

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Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Methods The serum HCV core antigen, which was taken from 149 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 20 patients of chronic hepatitis B and 20 health volunteers, was detected by ELISA. Meanwhile, the serum HCV RNA was detected by RT-PCR ,and anti-HCV was detected by ELISA. Results The qualitative HCV core antigen in the serum, which was take from 20 patients of chronic hepatitis B and 20 health volunteers, was negative.The positive percentage of HCV core antigen was 49.66% in the 149 sera of patients with chronic hepatitis C. The coincidence of detective results of HCV RNA and HCV core antigen was 54.36%, without significant difference (P>0.05). The positive percentage of HCV RNA and HCV core antigen in the 149 anti-HCV antibody positive sera samples were 55.03%(82/149)and 49.66%(74/149),respectively, and there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion The qualitative HCV core antigen detected by ELISA has a high specificity. The positive percentage of HCV core antigen in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C is 49.66%. HCV core antigen is related to HCV RNA. HCV core antigen may be a useful serum marker which could show HCV viraemia like HCV RNA.