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Gypenosides pre-treatment protects the brain against cerebral ischemia and increases neural stem cells/progenitors in the subventricular zone
Affiliation:1. Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Neurobiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People''s Republic of China;1. Department of Anatomy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Postgraduate Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal Pernambuco – UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil;3. Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil;1. College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea;2. Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea;1. Center for Neurobiology and Neurodegeneration Research, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States;2. Department of Biological Sciences, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States;3. Department of Computer Science, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, United States;1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;2. Department of Neonatology, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan;3. Maternal Perinatal Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;4. Departments of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;5. Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;6. Departments of Perinatology and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;1. Department of Pediatrics, Laval University Center de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Hôpital St-François d''Assise, 10 Rue de l''Espinay, Québec, QC G1L 3L5, Canada;2. Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Abstract:Gypenosides (GPs) have been reported to have neuroprotective effects in addition to other bioactivities. The protective activity of GPs during stroke and their effects on neural stem cells (NSCs) in the ischemic brain have not been fully elucidated. Here, we test the effects of GPs during stroke and on the NSCs within the subventricular zone (SVZ) of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats. Our results show that pre-treatment with GPs can reduce infarct volume and improve motor function following MCAO. Pre-treatment with GPs significantly increased the number of BrdU-positive cells in the ipsilateral and contralateral SVZ of MCAO rats. The proliferating cells in both sides of the SVZ were glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/nestin-positive type B cells and doublecortin (DCX)/nestin-positive type A cells. Our data indicate that GPs have neuroprotective effects during stroke which might be mediated through the enhancement of neurogenesis within the SVZ. These findings provide new evidence for a potential therapy involving GPs for the treatment of stroke.
Keywords:Subventricular zone  Neurogenesis  Stroke  Cell proliferation  Gypenosides
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