医学研究生认知情绪调节策略对抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响

目的  研究医学硕士研究生的认知情绪调节策略对抑郁与焦虑情绪的影响。 方法  采用认知情绪调节量表（cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, CERQ）、症状自评量表（self-reporting inventory,SCL-90）之抑郁、焦虑分量表,对388名苏州大学和厦门大学医学院的硕士研究生进行调查。结果  ① 本研究发现医学硕士研究生整体较常用的认知情绪调节策略是理性分析,其次是责难自己、积极重新关注以及沉思策略,较少运用灾难化的策略。② 男生理性分析的量表得分低于女生（12.61±2.19/13.19±2.16,P=0.01）。 接受（10.50±2.79/9.88±2.41, P=0.02）、灾难化(9.10±2.81/8.53±2.34,P=0.04)、责难他人(10.92±2.54/10.31±2.28,P=0.01)的量表分显著高于女性。③ 沉思、责难自己和灾难化策略与医学研究生抑郁、焦虑量表分具有显著相关性（β＞0.03,P＜0.05）。结论  研究生认知情绪调节策略对抑郁、焦虑有显著影响,其中沉思、责难自己和灾难化这类消极的认知调节方式是医学生抑郁和焦虑情绪较好的预测指标。

Effect of medical master students' cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depression and anxiety

Objective  To explore the effect of medical masters′ cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depression and anxiety.   Methods  388 medical masters in Soochow university and  Xiamen university completed the CERQ and the depression and anxiety subscales of SCL-90. Results   ① The cognitive regulation strategies which were used more often were putting into perspective, self-blame, positive refocusing and rumination. ② The score of perspective of male students was significantly lower than that of female students （12.61±2.19/13.19±2.16, P=0.01）while the subscale scores of acceptance（10.50±2.79/9.88±2.41，P=0.02）, catastrophizing (9.10±2.81/8.53±2.34, P=0.04),  and blaming others(10.92±2.54/10.31±2.28, P=0.01) were reversed.  ③ The subscale scores of rumination,  self blame and catastrophizing were significantly correlated with gender scores of  depression and anxiety（β>0.03，P＜0.05).  Conclusion  The master students cognitive emotion regulation strategies have great influence on depression and anxiety, and cognitive emotion regulations of rumination, self blames and catastrophizing can be used to forecast and explain depression and anxiety.