血管回声跟踪技术早期评价2型糖尿病患者下肢血管弹性功能

目的探讨血管回声跟踪技术对2型糖尿病患者下肢血管弹性的早期诊断价值。方法68例2型糖尿病患者和30例健康者（对照组），按照病程将糖尿病患者分为A组（刚出现症状的首诊糖尿病患者）27例和B组（病程有一段时间的非首诊糖尿病患者）42例；采集受检者股动脉和腘动脉的二维声像图，应用血管回声跟踪技术检测其动脉弹性指标：僵硬度指数（B）、血管压力-应变弹性系数（Eρ）、顺应性（AC）、增大指数（Al）及脉搏波传导速度（PWVβ），比较各组下肢血管弹性改变。结果糖尿病A组及B组股动脉、胴动脉的β、Eρ、PWVβ均较对照组增高（P〈0．05），AC值降低（P〈0．05）；糖尿病A组与B组股动脉弹性指标间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），B组腘动脉AC值较A组降低（P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病患者存在弹性大动脉硬化，腘动脉作为肌性动脉也存在动脉硬化，且在临床诊断糖尿病之前，这些血管动脉弹性已经发生异常。

Evaluation of lower limb vascular elasticity in type 2 diabetic patients by ET technique

Objective To explore the early diagnostic value of echo-tracking （ET） technique in lower limb vascular elasticity in 2 diabetic （T2DM）patients. Methods Thirty healthy subjects （ control group ） and sixty-eight T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. The T2DM patients were divided into two groups（27 cases in group A and 42 cases in group B） by the duration of diabetes. The two- dimensional ultrasonic imaging of femoral artery （FA） and popliteal artery（PoA） were obtained, and the stiffness parameter （ β ）, pressure-strain elasticity modulus （ Eρ ）, arterial compliance （ AC ）, argumentation index （Al） and one-point pulse wave velocity（PWVβ） were measured by ET technique, then the changes of lower limb vascular elasticity in two groups were compared. Results β, Epand PWVβof FA and PoA in diabetes group were higher than those in control group, and AC was lower than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ） , there was no significant difference of FA elasticity between group A and B （P 〉 0.05）. While AC of PoA was decreased in group B （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The abnormal elasticity of PoA exists in patients with T2DM, and the changes occured before diabetes was diagnosed.