乙型肝炎病毒基因分型方法的建立及应用

目的　扩增病毒S基因区,建立基因分型方法。方法　利用基因库软件及PCR和限制性片段长度多态性分析技术RFLP,用慢性无症状携带者的血清,扩增病毒S基因,建立新的分型方法。用此方法对我国部分地区慢性无症状携带者(AsC)及慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化的HBVDNA进行了调查。对广州、重庆、北京、沈阳等地区慢性无症状携带者的HBVDNA进行分型。结果　广州,B型328%、C型427%、BC混合型230%、其他16%;重庆,B型350%、C型400%、BC混合型250%;北京,B型250%、C型500%、BC混合型250%;沈阳,B型111%、C型889%。结论　新的基因分型方法,简化了传统的基因序列分型法,结果可靠,操作相对简便。我国HBVDNA的基因型以C型和B型为主。广州地区慢性乙型肝炎和肝硬化患者的HBV基因型,肝硬化患者以C和B混合型为主,占500%,HBVDNA毒株的混合感染,有可能加重肝组织的损伤。

Establishment of a method for classification of HBV genome and it's application]

Objective By using the techniques of PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), we established a classification method for HBV genome based on viral S gene of asymptomatic HBV carriers (AsC).Methods By using this method we classified HBV DNA of AsC living in Guangzhou, Shenyang, Beijing and Chongqing.Results Among the AsC of Guangzhou, genotype B was 32.8%, genotype C 42.7%, mixed genotypes B and C 23.0%, others 1.6%;among the AsC of Chongqing, genotype B was 35.0%, genotype C 40.0%, mixed genotypes B and C 25.0%; among the AsC of Beijing, genotype B was 25.0%, genotype C 50.0%, mixed genotypes B and C 25.0%; among the AsC of Shenyang, genotype B was 11.1%, genotype C 88.9%. The prevalent HBV strains in China are genotype C and genotype B, and genotype C is the main genotype in west China. Conclusion The established method for genotyping is simple and convenient. Using this method, we also classified HBV DNA of the patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis living in Guangzhou, and found that mixed genotypes B and C was in 50.0% of the patients detected, suggesting the mixed infection might lead to a severe damage of the liver tissue.