脓毒血症患者免疫功能的改变与治疗对策

近年研究发现脓毒血症死亡并非完全由过度炎症所致,脓毒血症患者血液中不但有大量的促炎细胞因子,抗炎因子也显著增加,导致免疫抑制。患者的免疫状态在脓毒血症发生、发展过程中处于免疫细胞过度激活和淋巴细胞受抑制的双向异常或紊乱状态。机体发生免疫功能紊乱,有害因子大量释放,巨噬细胞抗原递呈功能受损,难以对入侵微生物发生免疫反应,最终形成多器官功能不全综合征。所以需要对脓毒血症免疫功能紊乱进行研究,以制订治疗方案,防止病情恶化。

Immune Function Changes in Septic Patients and Therapeutic Strategies

Recent studies discovered the mortality caused by sepsis was not completely attributed to the excessive inflammation.In addition to large amounts of proinflammatory factors in septic circulation,the significantly increased anti-inflammatory factors also suppress the immune function.The immunity is in a two-directional abnormality or disturbance from the excessive activation of immune cells and suppressed lymphocytes in the process of sepsis.The disturbance of human immunity leads to the release of excessive harmful factors and undermines the antigen presentation of macrophages,disabling the immunity against the invading microbes and finally inducing multiple organ system dysfunction.Therefore,the immune disturbance in sepsis should be studied to seek effective therapeutic regimens preventing its progression.