爆炸性武器破片与冲击波复合伤发生情况初探

目的 探讨爆炸性武器破片与冲击波复合伤发生情况和损伤特点。方法 山羊34只，用装药量2k和30k的战斗部进行静爆，观察现场至伤后24小时动物存活情况，形态学改变和破片与冲击波复合伤的发生率。结果 现场死亡15只，伤后24小时内死亡3只，死亡率为18／34(52．94％)。形态学改变主要表现为软组织挫伤或缺损，体腔破裂，肢体断离缺失，肢体骨折，心、肺、胃肠道、肝、肾等内脏器官不同程度出血，甚至发生肺破裂，胃肠道穿孔和肝、肾破裂。破片与冲击波复合伤的发生率为16／34(47．06％)。结论 爆炸性武器所致破片与冲击波复合伤具有发生率高、伤情重，死亡率高的特点，早期救治的重点是及时有效地处理肺损伤和内脏器官破裂与穿孔。

Primary study on fragments and blast wave combined injuries caused by explosive weapons

Objective To explore the incidence and characteristics of the fragments and blast wave combined injuries caused by explosive weapons.?Methods Thirty four goats were exposed to the static explosion of the fighting section of explosive weapon filled with 2kg and 30kg dynamite.?The number of survivaled animal at explosive site and 24h after explosion were recorded.?Then the morphological changes and the incidence of fragments and blast wave combined injuries were observed.?Results Fifteen goats died at explosive site,another 3 goats died within 24 hours.?The total mortality was 52.94% (18/34).?The morphological examination mainly showed the contusion or loss of soft tissue,rupture of body cavities,fracture,break or loss of tissues of limbs.?Hemorrhages of different degrees were found in heart,lungs,gastrointestinal tract,liver,kidney,and other organs.?In the more severely injured animals,however,rupture or perforation of these organs were also seen.?The incidence of fragments and blast wave combined injuries was 47.06%(16/34).?Conclusion The fragments and blast wave combined injuries caused by explosive weapons were usually characterized by high incidence,high mortality and severe injury severity.?The focal point of early treatment is the prompt management of lung injuries and the rupture or perforation of visceral organs.