宁夏地方性砷中毒流行分布

目的探讨宁夏地方性砷中毒高砷病区和高砷水分布情况以及病区暴露人群发病特点。方法根据《中国地方性砷中毒分布调查实施方案》的要求采用统一调查表格对居民饮水进行水砷筛查和高砷水暴露人群进行流行病学调查。水砷筛查采用砷检测试剂盒法;超标水样复检,采用GB/T 8538-1995二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银分光光度法。结果检测出砷超标水样510份,发现高砷区112个自然村、高砷病区22个自然村、查出砷中毒病人492例,病人临床表现主要是皮肤色素改变、掌跖过度角化。结论基本摸清了宁夏高砷区的分布、病区范围及病情情况。

Distribution of endemic arsenism of Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region

Objective To discuss the endemic Arsenism diseased areas and the distribution of high arsenic water,and the disease character of persons exposed to Arsenism diseased areas in Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region.Methods According to the requirements of "Implementation scheme of distribution of China endemic arsenic poisoning",the unified questionnaire was adopted for the screening on the content of arsenic in drinking water and epidemiological investigation on the people exposed to high arsenic water.The content of water arsenic was determined by half-quantitative fast reagent-box method.Water samples of over-criterion was retested by GB/T8538-1995 DDCAg method.Results 510 water samples were arsenic over-criterion,112 villages were confirmed to be the high arsenic areas and 22 villages were confirmed to be the areas of heavy arsenism.492 arsenism patients were discovered.The clinical symptoms of these patients were skin pigmentation and metacarpal bone over-keratosis.Conclusion Explored the basic distribution of the high arsenic areas,the scope of endemic Arsenism diseased areas and the symptomatic degree of endemic Arsenism in Ningxia.