医院内下呼吸道感染的细菌分布及药物敏感性分析

目的 :了解医院内下呼吸道感染的细菌分布及药物敏感性。方法 :回顾性分析经临床确诊的下呼吸道感染患者的痰及下气道分泌物培养结果 ,共获得 178株细菌。抗菌素敏感性采用Kribry -Bauer(KB)纸片法 ,最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)采用琼纸二倍稀释法。结果 :院内下呼吸道感染以G-细菌占首位 (占 78.1% ) ,G 细菌其次 (占 2 1.9% )。G-细菌以铜绿假胞单胞菌 (PA)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌 (KLB)和大肠埃希菌为主 ,分别为 2 6 .4 %、12 .9%和 10 .7% ;G 细菌以链球菌和表皮葡萄球菌为多见 ,分别为 10 .1%和 6 .7%。药物敏感试验显示 :伊米配能、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢他定、环丙沙星、阿米卡星对G-细菌的有效率分别为 94 %、87%、85 %、90 %、78%、88% ,氨苄青霉素的耐药率为 90 %。万古霉素对G 的敏感性为 10 0 %。结论 :铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌和链球菌为院内下呼吸道感染的主要致病菌 ;伊米配能、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢他定、环丙沙星、阿米卡星和万古霉素等抗菌素是治疗下呼吸道感染的有效抗菌素。

BACTERIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SENSIBILITY TO ANTIBIOTICS IN PATIENTS WITH HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

Objective:To explore the distribution of bacteria and their sensibility to antibiotics in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia.Methods:One hundred and seventy-eight bacterium species were collected in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia to make sputum culture.The sensibility of the bacteria to antibiotics were examined by KB paper method and minimal-inhibitory-concentration by gel double multiple dilute method.Result:G~- bacteria were the most bacteria in the patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia(78.1%);most of the G~- bacteria were pseudomonas areuginosa(26.4%) and klebsiella bacillus (12.9%);most of the G~ bacteria were streptococcus (10.1%) and staphylococcus epidermidis (6.7%).G~- bacteria were sensitive to impienem (94%),cefoperazone (87%),cefftrixone (85%),ceftazidine(90%),ciprofloxacin(78%),and amikacin(88%).The sensibility of vancomycin to G~ bacteria was 100%.Conclusion:The pseudomonas areuginosa,klebsiella bacillus,streptococcus,staphylococcus epidermidis are most important bacteria in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia.Impienem,cefoperazone,ceftrixone,ceftazidine,ciprofloxacin,amikacin and vancomycin are effctive antibiotics for treating hospital-acquired pneumonia.