对临床试验中显著性检验、区间检验及置信区间检验之间关系一致性的认识

显著性检验是最基本的统计假设检验,它的基本思想是小概率原理;区间检验是传统显著性检验的延伸,它用来检验两个总体的差异是否在某范围之内;置信区间检验是先找到药物疗效差值的置信区间,通过置信区间下限或(和)上限与界值的关系来判断两种药物非劣效、等效、优效的关系。通过公式推导发现,区间检验与显著性检验的主要区别是前者的假设中包含了有临床意义的界值△,而区间检验和置信区间检验是一致的,可以用置信区间检验实现区间检验的目的。

Understanding of relation among significance test, interval test and confidence interval test in clinical trial

The significance test is the most primary statistical hypothesis test,and it's basic principle is the principle of little probability.The interval test in clinical trial is the extension of the significance test,which is used to testify whether the difference between two populations is within a certain interval.In the confidence interval test,firstly,we find the confidence interval of the difference between two treatments' effects,and then we can decide whether it is non-inferior,equivalent or superior or n...