Direct and alternative antimicrobial mechanisms of neutrophil-derived granule proteins |
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Authors: | Oliver Soehnlein |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 2. IMCAR, Universit?tsklinik Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Abstract: | Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) contribute to bacterial clearance by uptake and intracellular killing of microbes. However,
antimicrobial polypeptides are released extracellularly where they are enweaved in a chromatin web that traps and eliminates
bacteria. In addition, PMN-derived antimicrobial polypeptides direct monocytes and macrophages to the site of infection and
activate their antimicrobial armor. Increased expression of Fcγ receptors as well as opsonization of bacteria by PMN granule
proteins support bacterial uptake by macrophages. PMN granule proteins also increase intracellular reactive oxygen species
formation in macrophages. Finally, apoptotic PMN transfer parts of their antimicrobial peptides to macrophages, hence increasing
killing of intracellular bacteria. Understanding mechanisms by which PMN granule proteins stimulate antimicrobial mechanisms
in macrophages may open novel strategies in fighting bacterial infections. |
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Keywords: | |
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