免疫固定电泳技术在多发性骨髓瘤诊断及预后中的价值

目的探讨免疫固定电泳（IFE）对于多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的诊断以及预后评估的临床价值。方法对67例MM患者的血清标本进行IFE、血清蛋白电泳和免疫球蛋白（Ig）定量检测。其中的5例患者进行自体干细胞移植，并对其血清M蛋白的表达进行跟踪检测。结果67例MM患者中62例血清蛋白电泳可检测出M蛋白带，血清免疫固定电泳分型：IgG型38例（56．7％），其中K轻链型20例，入轻链型18例；IgA型22例（32．8％），其中K轻链型12例，入轻链型10例；IgM型1例（1．49％）；游离轻链型6例（8．96％），其中x轻链型3例，入轻链型3例。结论IFE技术具有灵敏度高，特异性好的特点，能快速、准确地进行MM分型，并在MM的诊断、病情判断及预后评估具有重要的临床意义。

The immunofixation electrophoresis technology of clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma

Objective To explore the clinical value of the immunofixation electrophoresis （IFE） for the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma. Methods Serum of 67 cases of mul- tiple myeloma patients was detected by immunofixation electrophoresis, serum protein electro- phoresis, and quantitative detection of immunoglobulin. 5 patients of the 67 cases were imple- mented with autologous stem cell transplant, then the serum of them were tracked and detected. Results The M protein was detected in 62 of the 67 patients by serum protein electrophoresis. Serum immunofixation electrophoresis types of 67 patients were respectively IgG type in 38 cases （56.7%）, including 20 cases of κ light chain and 18 cases of k light chain;IgA type in 22 cases （32.8%）, including 12 cases of κ light chain, and 10 cases of X light chain; IgM type 1 case （1.49%） ;Free light chain type in 6 cases （8.96%）, including 3 cases of κ light chain and 3 cases of k light chain. Conclusion IFE shows high sensitivity and specificity in the determination and classification of multiple myeloma. Additionally, IFE also plays an irreplaceable role in the diag- nosis, judgment and prognosis of multiple myeloma.