膝关节半月板损伤的CT诊断

目的：分析半月板损伤的特征性CT表现，探讨其CT诊断的意义。方法：回顾性分析26例(19例经手术证实)膝关节半月板损伤的CT表现。结果：半月板损伤的CT征象有：①半月板局限性低密度区；②半月板内裂隙征；③半月板轮廓异常，边缘毛糙；④撕裂的半月板碎块移位；⑤内侧半月板中部外缘与内侧副韧带分离。还有膝关节滑膜增厚、关节囊(腔)内积液、损伤的半月板周围软组织肿胀。结论：膝关节半月板损伤的CT表现有一定的特征性，结合临床表现可以明确诊断。正确的扫描技术、体位和熟悉膝关节正常横断面解剖是半月板损伤CT诊断的关键。

Computed tomography diagnosis of meniscal injures of the knee

Objective: To analyse the special CT appearance of meniscal injures (MI) and to discuss the diagnostic value of it. Methods: CT manifestations in 26 cases of MI (19 cases proved by operation) were studied retrospectively. Results: The direct CT manifestations of MI were: (1)areas of low attenuation of meniscus, (2) hypodense streaks or gaps in meniscus, (3) extraordinary contour of meniscus with irregular edge, (4) displaced fragment of torn meniscus, (5) medial meniscus detached from medial collateral ligament. Besides these, they also included: thickening synovium, effusion in the knee joint capsule, swelling of the soft tissue near the injured part of the meniscus. Conclusion: There are definite characteristics in the CT manifestations of meniscal injuries. Distinct diagnosis can be made according its clinical manifestations. It is important to CT diagnosis of meniscus injuries that we master the correct scan technology, the correct position and the sectional anatomy of the knee.