我国老年人跌倒影响因素研究的可视化分析

目的分析我国近年老年人跌倒影响因素的相关研究,探讨其研究现状及发展趋势,为老年人跌倒预防提供参考依据。方法检索CNKI、万方数据库、VIP和CBM数据库中发表的有关老年人跌倒影响因素的相关文献,检索时间自数据库建库至2018年9月,使用Bicomb 2.0、Ucinet 6.0、Netdraw、gCluto软件进行可视化分析。结果共纳入相关研究432篇,通过影响因素聚类分析得出老年人跌倒的影响因素有生理机能退化、药物相关不良反应以及高龄有跌倒史的女性。通过关键词聚类分析认为该领域的研究热点有以下4类:城市老年人因居家环境、骨质疏松、糖尿病所致的骨折损伤;卒中后老人害怕跌倒、锻炼与其跌倒效能及平衡功能的关系;住院患者跌倒的预防、护理对策及健康教育;对社区、养老机构老年人跌倒的流行病学研究等。结论我国有关老年人跌倒影响因素的相关研究较多,但目前仍缺乏深入的定量分析。有关老年人跌倒影响因素的研究还有待高质量、大数据文献的进一步支持。

Visual Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Fall of the Elderly in China

Objective To analyze the related research on the influencing factors of falls in the elderly, and to explore the current research situation and development trend, so as to provide reference for the prevention of falls in the elderly in the future. Methods Literatures published in CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and CBM database were retrieved from the database to September 2018. Visual analysis was performed using Bicomb 2.0, Ucinet 6.0, Netdraw and gCluto software.Results A total of 432 related studies were included. Cluster analysis of influencing factors showed that the deterioration of physiological function, drug-related side effects and elderly women with a history of falls were the influencing factors. Through keyword cluster analysis, the research hotspots in this field were: (1) urban elderly due to home environment, osteoporosis, diabetes-induced fractures; (2) fear of falls after stroke, the relationship between exercise and fall performance and balance function; (3) hospitalized patients Prevention of falls, nursing strategies and health education; (4) epidemiological study on falls of elderly people in community and pension institutions. Conclusion There are many studies on the influencing factors of falls in the elderly, but there is a lack of quantitative analysis on the influencing factors of falls in the elderly. The research on the influencing factors of falls in the elderly needs further support from high-quality and big data literature.