300例不同年龄段有牙■人群上唇软组织侧貌的锥形束CT三维测量分析

目的通过锥形束CT(CBCT)进行三维测量,分析不同年龄段有牙人群上唇软组织侧貌特征,为无牙颌患者的全口义齿修复提供面部美学的客观参考依据。方法选择300例有牙人群的CBCT影像资料进行研究,按照患者年龄分为青年组(20~39岁)、中年组(40~59岁)、老年组(60岁及以上),对上唇长度、厚度等相关指标进行测量,对上唇皮肤段侧面轮廓进行形态学分析。结果上唇长度、厚度测量指标结果显示,随着年龄增加,上唇长度逐渐变大,唇红暴露量及唇红厚度逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。青年组、中年组和老年组上唇下缘到上中切牙切点的距离分别为(1.9622±1.1071)、(0.8353±1.2066)、(0.0141±1.2256)mm,上唇红部厚度分别为(12.3558±1.9503)、(10.6342±1.7824)、(9.9249±1.9514)mm。归纳上唇侧面轮廓表现为4种形态:凹形、直形、波浪形、凸形,不同年龄段人群的侧面轮廓表现特点有明显差异,青年组凹形比例(68%)最大,中年组凹形和直形比例(80%)最大,而老年组波浪形与凸形比例(67%)最大。结论为老年无牙颌患者进行全口义齿修复时,应充分考虑与其衰老相关的上唇侧貌特征,人工牙排列应注意上唇下缘到中切牙切缘的距离与患者年龄相符合,上唇丰满度的恢复也应考虑与同年龄有牙侧貌轮廓形态表现相符合。

Analysis of upper lip profi le features in 300 dentate subjects of different ages via three-dimensional measurement of cone beam computed tomography

Objective To measure and analyze upper lip profi le features in dentate subjects among different age groups using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)to provide an objective reference for facial esthetics in complete denture restoration.Methods A total of 300 CBCT images were selected and divided into one of the following three groups according to age:youth group(20–39 years),middle-aged group(40–59 years),and elderly group(more than 60 years).The length and thickness of the upper lip of each image were measured,and a morphological analysis of the upper lip profi le was performed.Results The upper lip lengthened with aging.Moreover,the exposure of lip vermilion and the thickness of lip vermilion gradually decreased.The distance from the edge of the upper incisor to the edge the upper lip in three groups equated to(1.9622±1.1071),(0.8353±1.2066),and(0.0141±1.2256)mm.Moreover,the thicknesses of the lip vermilion were(12.3558±1.9503),(10.6342±1.7824),and(9.9249±1.9514)mm.According to the morphological analysis of the upper lip profi le,the upper lip profi le was presented in the following four shapes:concave,straight,wavy,and convex.Furthermore,differences were noted between groups;that is,the young group showed the largest proportion of concave upper lip profi les(68%),the middle-aged group showed the largest proportion of concave and straight upper lip profi les(80%),and the elderly group showed the largest proportion of wavy and convex upper lip profi les(67%).Conclusion Results indicated that the upper lip changes related to aging should be fully considered when complete denture restoration is performed for edentulous patients.When arranging the artifi cial anterior teeth,we should pay attention to the distance from the edge of the upper incisor to the edge of the upper lip while considering patients’ages.When plumping up the upper lip using a complete denture,we should try to make the effect consistent with that observed among dentate people of the same age.