吸入性损伤与预防性气管切开术

大面积烧伤合并面颈部烧伤的病例９０％在伤后６～１６ｈ内发生严重呼吸困难，７３％为中重度粘膜损伤，均于气管切开后呼吸困难解除。热力引起的吸入性损伤，上呼吸道的粘膜伤重于下呼吸道，且以喉部受损伤最重。因此，在评估吸入性损伤程度时，应结合粘膜伤全面考虑，因患者早期易发生上呼吸道梗阻，故应采取预防性气管切开术。

INHALATION INJURY AND PROPHYLACTICAL TRACHEOTOMY

The patients of burn complicated faciocervical injury were treated.90 percent of cases occurred severe respiration dyspneic in 616 hours after burning,73 percent of cases appeared medium and heavy respiratory tract mucosa lesion,and respiration dyspneic was relieved after treating tracheotomy.Concerning the inhalation injury caused by heating,the degree of mucosa injury on upper respiratory tract was more serious than that on lower respiratory tract,the lesion of laryngeal mucosa was the most serious.The results suggested that the mucosal burn should be concerned in signifying the degree of inhalation injury,and the patients should be operated tracheotomy in early stage.