Familial disorders of plasma apolipoproteins |
| |
Authors: | C R Sirtori G Franceschini |
| |
Institution: | (1) Chair of Chemotherapy, Center E. Grossi Paoletti and Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Milan, Italy |
| |
Abstract: | Summary Numerous molecular variants of the protein moiety of human circulating lipoproteins (apolipoproteins or apoproteins) have been described in recent years. Molccular alterations of apolipoproteins may lead to an impaired lipid binding and/or to an accelerated or delayed lipoprotein catabolism. Many variants, particularly those of the E apoprotein system, are associated with premature atherosclerosis. In the case of the Apo AI variants, the concomitant deficiency of Apo AI and Apo CIII leads to severe clinical atherosclerosis. Conversely, molecular variants of Apo AI (several of which come from FRG, i.e. AI-Marburg, -Giessen, -Münster) do not go together with significant clinical abnormalities. The case is different for Tangier disease, characterized by the complete absence of high density lipoproteins, where a dramatic tissue lipid deposition may occur. One molecular variant, Apo AI-Milano, while leading to a significant reduction of HDL, does not seem to be associated with clinical atherosclerosis, but rather with a protection from the disease. The presence of major apolipoprotein abnormalities in familial groups of variable size, provides a molecular explanation for some significant alterations of lipid metabolism. Moreover, it offers, to clinical and basic studies, a useful model for the understanding of the function and metabolism of human apolipoproteins.Abbreviations ABL
abetalipoproteinemia
- Apo
apoprotein
- CAD
coronary artery disease
- HBL
hypobetalipoproteinemia
- HDL
high density lipoproteins
- HL
hepatic lipase
- IEF
isoelectric focusing
- LCAT
lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
- LDL
low density lipoproteins
- LPL
lipoprotein lipase
- Proapo
proapoprotein
- VLDL
very low density lipoproteins |
| |
Keywords: | Atherosclerosis Protein structure Apolipoprotein variants Lipid metabolism |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|