颈椎病患者自我管理行为与自我效能的相关性分析

目的探讨颈椎病患者的自我管理行为、自我效能及两者之间的相关性。方法采用慢性病自我管理研究测量表中的自我管理行为量表和自我效能量表,对103例颈椎病患者进行调查。结果颈椎病患者总的运动锻炼时间为(272.04±183.42)min/周,最常见的运动锻炼方式是散步。认知性症状管理实践平均得分为(1.51±0.90)分,即当患者出现颈痛或其他不适时,"偶尔会/有时会"运用认知性症状管理技巧。与医生的沟通平均得分为(1.83±1.07)分,即当患者见医生时,"偶尔会/有时会"与医生有效沟通疾病相关问题。患者自我效能的平均得分为(6.61±1.88)分。颈椎病患者的自我管理行为与其自我效能呈正相关(r=0.366,P0.01)。结论颈椎病患者的自我管理行为仍不够满意,主要体现在运动锻炼方式较为单一,认知性症状管理技巧运用较少,与医生沟通的频率和内容不足。颈椎病患者的自我效能处于中等水平。颈椎病患者自我效能水平越高,其自我管理行为越好。

Relationship between Self-management Behaviors and Self-efficacy of Cervical Spondylosis Patients

Objective To explore the relationship between self-management behaviors and self-efficacy of cervical spondylosis patients. Methods Chronic Disease Self-management Behaviors Measuring Scale and Chronic Disease Self-efficacy Scale of Chronic Disease Self-management Study Measures were used to investigate the self-management behaviors and self-efficacy of 103 cases of cervical spondylosis patients. Results The total exercise time of cervical spondylosis patients was （272.04 ±183.42） minutes per week and the most common way of exercise was walking. The average score of cognitive symptom management was 1.51 ±0.90 which indicated that when feeling neck pain or other unpleasant symptoms, patients almost never or sometimes used the skills of cognitive symptom management and that of communication with physicians was 1.83 ±1.07 which revealed that when seeing a doctor, they almost never or sometimes communicated with doctors about problems associated with diseases effectively. The average score of self-efficacy of patients was 6.61 ±1.88 and the self-management behaviors and self-efficacy of cervical spondylosis patients were positively correlated with each other （r=0.366, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Without good self-management behaviors, cervical spondylosis patients take exercises mainly in single way and they do not make full utilization of cognitive symptom management skills and have less communication with doctors. The self-efficacy of cervical spondylosis patients keeps in medium level and there is positive relationship between the self-management behaviors and self-efficacy.