经口腔超声检测烟雾病患者颈内动脉颅外远段血流变化

目的探讨经口腔超声检测烟雾病患者颈内动脉颅外远段血流变化的应用价值。方法14例经DSA证实为烟雾病患者，
用经颈超声检测颈内动脉近段和颈总动脉、经口腔超声检测颈内动脉颅外远段，检测指标包括内径、收缩期峰值流速、舒张末期
血流速度。结果14例均为单侧烟雾病患者。患侧颈内动脉颅外远段内径、收缩期峰值流速、舒张末期血流速度均低于对侧，
且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。患侧颈内动脉近段与远段相比，内径、收缩期峰值流速、舒张末期血流速度均无显著差异。患
侧颈总动脉内径与对侧相比差异无统计学意义，但收缩期峰值流速、舒张末期血流速度显著低于对侧，且有统计学意义（P<
0.05）。结论经口腔超声能够获得颈内动脉颅外远段血流信息，有助于烟雾病的准确诊断。

Transoral carotid ultrasonography for detecting blood flow parameters of distal extracranial internal carotid artery in patients with moyamoya disease

Objective To assess the clinical value of transoral carotid ultrasonography(TOCU) in the detection of the blood flow parameters of the distal extracranial internal carotid artery(ICA) in patients with moyamoya disease.Methods Fourteen patients with the diagnosis of moyamoya disease confirmed by digital subtractive angiography(DSA) underwent examination with conventional carotid ultrasonography of the proximal internal carotid artery(ICA).TOCU was performed to observe the distal extracranial ICA and the internal diameter,peak systolic velocity(PSV) and end-diastolic velocity(EDV) were measured.Results All the patients had unilateral moyamoya disease.Compared with the contralateral ICA,distal extracranial ICA showed a significantly reduced internal diameter,PSV and EDV(P<0.05).No significant differences were found in the internal diameter,PSV or EDV between the distal and proximal ICA on the diseased side.The internal diameter of the bilateral common carotid arteries(CCA) was similar,but the PSV and EDV were significantly lower in the contralateral CCA.Conclusion TOCU can provide information of the blood flow in the distal extracranial ICA to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of moyamoya disease.